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Volume 21(2); December 2004
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Reviews
Nutritional Management in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Kwan Ho Lee
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):133-142.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.133
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by a not entirely reversible limitation in the airflow. An airflow limitation is progressive and associated with an abnormal inflammatory response of the lung to gases and harmful particles. In COPD, the weight loss is commonly observed and there is a negative impact on the respiratory as well as skeletal muscle function. The pathophysiological mechanisms that result in weight loss in COPD are not fully understood. However, the mechanisms of weight loss in COPD may be the result of an increased energy expenditure unbalanced by an adequate dietary intake. The commonly occurring weight loss and muscle wasting in COPD patients adversely affect the respiratory and peripheral muscle function, the exercise capacity, the health status, and even the survival rates. Therefore, it is very valuable to include management strategies that the increase energy balance in order to increase the weight and fat free mass. A Better understanding of the molecular and cellular pathological mechanisms of COPD can improve the many new directions for both the basic and clinical investigations. The Nutritional supply is an important components of a multidisciplinary pulmonary rehabilitation program. Future studies combining an exercise program, the role of anabolic steroids, nutritional individualization, a more targeted nutritional therapy, and the development of new drugs including anti-cytokines is needed for the effective management of COPD.

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  • Nutrient intake and dietary quality of Korean adults according to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): Based on the 2012~2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Bo Mi Kang, Hae Ryun Park, Young Mi Lee, Kyung Hee Song
    Journal of Nutrition and Health.2017; 50(6): 585.     CrossRef
High-Resolusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Carotid Atherosclerotic Plaque.
Woo Mok Byun, Jae Ho Cho
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):143-150.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.143
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AbstractAbstract PDF
A thromboembolic stroke is believed to be precipitated by a rupture of vulnerable atheromatous plaques. Until recently the assessment of a further risk of stroke in high-risk patients in whom atherosclerosis has presented with a transient ischaemic attack (TIA), has been confined to a quantitative assessment of the luminal patency of the internal carotid artery. These traditional stratification parameters are no longer believed to be the most accurate predictors of a thrombo-embolism. This is because the process of vessel wall remodeling can maintain a luminal patency, and consequently, quite large friable plaques may remain unidentified. Accordingly, there is a need for an improved risk assessment. The fibrous cap of a vulnerable plaque is thinner, and an intraplaque hemorrhage and inflammation can occur during the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Several imaging methods for identifying vulnerable plaques have been developed. Recently, high resolution magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has emerged as an accurate non-invasive tool that can characterize the carotid plaque components in vivo. A High resolution carotid magnetic resonance is capable of distinguishing an intact, thick fibrous cap from a thin and ruptured cap in carotid plaque. In addition, a plaque MR can identify the active inflammation and detect a hemorrhage. High resolution carotid MR imaging is a valuable noninvasive method for quantifying the plaque components and identifying vulnerable plaque.
Original Articles
The Effect of Spiritual Well-being on the Mental Health of the Cho-Sun Tribal Women Residing in P.R. of China.
Seung Deuk Cheung, Jong Bum Lee, Jin Sung Kim, Wan Seok Seo, Dai Seg Bai, Soon Jae Park, Yeol Joo, Hyoung Uk Youm, Cheung Yuan Jin, Jiu Miao Jin, Yeung Log Ahn, Da Hong Huang, Mei Zi Biao, Tai Ji Zheng, Chang Lie Zhao
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):151-166.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.151
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  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Spirituality has been an important part of Transpersonal Psychology and is believed to have a large effect on the mental health because it has been systematized. The aim of this study was to determine the level of spiritual disposition on human beings along with its effects on one's mental health. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study targeted 400 women residing in Youn-Gil city of JiLin Prov., which is a district of the Cho-Sun tribe in China. Their spiritual well-being was studied using the Spiritual Well-being Scale-Korean Version. The spiritual well-being scale consists of 2 sub-scales of religious well-being and existential well-being. The study was evaluated using a lie scale, psychotic trend, and a combined anxiety-depression scale. The results were considered to be factors of one's mental health. The correlation between the spiritual well-being and each tendency was analyzed by regression analysis. RESULTS: The total score of the Cho-Sun tribal women according to the spiritual well-being scale was 68.29 which was much less than the 100.65 of Korean Christian women. There was no significant correlation between the spiritual well-being and the Lie trend. However, it was found that 86% (344) of Cho-Sun tribal women scored above 70 in the Lie trend with a mean score of 74.57 which is higher than normal populations. Regarding the correlation between the spiritual well-being and psychotic trend, the psychotic trend became significantly higher when the religious well-being was at a high level. On the other hand, the psychotic trend became significantly lower when the existential well-being was at a high level. Regarding the correlation between the spiritual well-being and anxiety, the anxiety was significantly higher when the religious well-being was at a high level. However, the anxiety level was significantly low when the existential well-being was at a high level. Regarding the correlation between the spiritual well-being and depression, the depression level was somewhat significantly high when the religious well-being was at a high level. However, the depression level was significantly low when the existential well-being was at a high level. CONCLUSION: This study evaluated the effects of spiritual well-being on a person's mental health among Cho-Sun tribal women in Youn-Gil city of JiLIn Prov., P.R. of China. The results found that the religious well-being, which is a sub-scale of spiritual well-being, had negative effects while the existential well-being had positive effects on the mental health. These results proved that a person's religious disposition had negative effects on their mental health in a communitarian society.

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  • Spiritual Health in Korean Culture -Q methodological approach-
    Hyung Wha Shim
    Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing.2015; 22(2): 129.     CrossRef
Electromagnetic Fields in General Hospital.
Sei One Shin, Sang Mo Yun, Hyoun Jin Shin, Hyun Soo Ahn, Hee Deok Ahn
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):167-176.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.167
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Electromagnetic fields (EMF) are ubiquitous in modern society including medical field. As the technology of medical instruments and telecommunications has developed rapidly, it has influenced on our lives in many ways. Modern medical practice requires high quality medical equipments, which have a great deal of electromagnetic interference and susceptibility. The purpose of this study were to evaluate electromagnetic condition under usual clinical condition and to suggest a practical guideline in general hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The actual state of the electromagnetic interference in the medical field was studied under usual clinical conditions including operating rooms, intensive care units, magnetic resonance imaging unit, and hyperthermia unit. RESULTS: There was considerable noise as a result of electromagnetic fields from medical equipments including electrosurgical units and hyperthermia unit, and cellular phones, which could induce serious functional derangements of functioning medical devices. CONCLUSION: It will be necessary to evaluate the individual electromagnetic situations under various medical conditions and to define a limited zone for cellular phone as well as reposition medical equipments to secure a safer medical practice and to minimize electromagnetic interference.
The Production Mechanism of TNF-alpha and IL-6 by Group IIA Phospholipase A2.
Jae Hong Ahn, Dae Won Park, Jin Hee Kim, Jei Jun Bae, Yeun Kyoung Bae, Yoon Ki Park
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):177-190.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.177
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) are a group of extracellular enzymes that release fatty acids at the sn-2 position of phospholipids. Group IIA sPLA2 (sPLA2-IIA) has been detected in the inflammatory fluids, and its plasma level increases in the inflammatory disease. This study examined the effect of sPLA2-IIA on mouse macropahges in order to investigate the potential mechanism of sPLA2-induced inflammation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wild type PLA2 and mutant H48Q PLA2 were purified from HEK293 cells transfected with the corresponding plasmids, and the PLA2 activities were measured using 1-palmitoyl-2-[1- (14) C]linoleoyl-3-phosphatidylethanolamine as substrates. The TNF-alpha and IL-6 released in the supernatants were determined by ELISA. In addition, the TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNA were analyzed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: sPLA2-IIA stimulated the production of TNF-alpha and IL-6 in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In addition, the effect of sPLA2-IIA on cytokine production from the macrophage was found to be associated with the accumulation of their specific mRNA. The mRNA levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 peaked at 2 and 6 hours in a time-dependent manner, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the production of proinflammatory cytokine might be mediated by the binding of sPLA2-IIA to the receptors.
Effectiveness of the Transrectal Ultrasonography in the Detection of Prostate Cancer: in Patients with Prostate Specific Antigen of 10 ng/ml or Less.
Han Won Chang, Jae Ho Cho
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):191-197.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.191
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
This study was performed to reconsider the efficacy of transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) in diagnosing prostate cancer by analyzing the results of a digital rectal examination (DRE), serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and a transrectal ultrasono- graphy in patients with prostate specific antigen levels of 10 ng/ml or less. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One-hundred and eighty one men with PSA levels of 10 ng/ml or less, who had a TRUS-guided tissue biopsy performed, were included in this study. The detection rate of prostate cancer was compared according to the TRUS result and the presence or absence of nodularity and the consistency of the prostate on DRE. RESULTS: In a total 181 patients, there were 73 patients with PSA levels of 4 ng/ml or less and 4 of them had prostate cancer. Thre were 108 patients with PSA levels of 4-10 ng/ml and 18 of them were prostate cancer. TRUS was performed in 152 patients and 16 out of 58 patients diagnosed with prostate cancer, 3 out of 39 diagnosed with suspicious prostate cancer, and 2 out of 55 patients diagnosed as having no prostate cancer were found to have prostate cancer. In 40 patients, a nodule was palpated on DRE and 8 of them were found to have prostate cancer. Five out of 19 patients with a stony hard consistency, 3 of 12 with a firm to hard consisency, 12 of 129 with a firm consistency, 0 of 13 with a soft to firm consistency, and 2 of 8 with a soft consistency were prostate cancer. In the prostate cancer patients, there were 4 patients with PSA levels of 4 ng/ml or less and all these patients were diagnosed with prostate cancer or suspicious prostate cancer on TRUS but the nodule was not palpated in all patients. Two were soft and 2 were firm consistency on DRE. CONCLUSION: In patients with serum PSA levels of 10 ng/ml or less, TRUS is a more useful supporting method than DRE and a more active application of TRUS may lead to an early diagnosis and pertinent treatment of prostate cancer.
Phase II Study of Paclitaxel and Cisplatin as Second-line Chemotherapy in Advanced Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Yeoung Tae Seo, Bong Seog Kim, Ji Young Go, Dong Suk Choi, Seong Ho Choi, Hye Jin Kim, Young Mi Ahn, Yong Ho Roh, Kyung Hee Lee
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):198-206.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.198
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of paclitaxel and cisplatin against advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as a second-line chemotherapy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Twenty-five patients were enrolled. The patients received 200 mg/m2 paclitaxel as a 3-hour intravenous infusion and 60 mg/m2 cisplatin as 30-minute intravenous infusion with vigorous hydration on day 1 every 28 days. The response was assessed every 2 cycles. RESULTS: All 25 patients were assessed for their response and toxicity. Partial responses were observed in 5 patients. The overall response rate was 20% (95% confidence interval, 4%~36%) and the median response duration was 4.5 (range, 2-11) months. The median time to progression was 3.3 (range, 0-14) months. The median overall survival of all patients was 7.4 (range, 1.3-39) months. The hematologic toxicities were minor and easily controlled. CONCLUSION: The combination chemotherapy of paclitaxel and cisplatin as a second-line treatment has a moderate efficacy with an acceptable toxicity in patients with advanced NSCLC.
The Effects of Electrical Stimulation Therapy with Microchip for the Treatment of Bladder Irritability Symptoms in Stress Urinary Incontinent Women.
Hee Chang Jung, Yeun Ho Chung, Hyoun Jin Shin
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):207-214.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.207
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AbstractAbstract PDF
PURPOSE: This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of intravaginal pelvic floor electrical stimulation (FES) therapy on bladder irritability symptoms in stress urinary incontinent women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The evaluation before and after treatment included the Blaivas's female Bladder Questionnaire, the quality of life questionnaires and the overall satisfaction with present voiding state using visual analogue test (VAT). All patient were treated for 20 minutes, twice a week for 6 weeks, using a new intravaginal electrical stimulator with microchip (PIC16C74). RESULTS: After the FES therapy, the overall success rate of the SUI was 50.4.% at 9 months. The bladder irritability symptoms such as frequency, nocturia, urgency, residual urine sensation and lower abdominal discomfort were improved. In particular, the symptoms of frequency, urge incontinence, dysuria were significantly improved after the FES therapy at 9 months. The VAT score of the overall satisfaction with the present voiding state was significantly lower after the FES therapy. 73.7% of patients were satisfied with the FES therapy and complications such as hemorrhage, vaginitis, urinary tract infection and pain were not encountered. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that FES therapy with microchip improves some bladder irritability in SUI women. Therefore, electrical stimulation therapy should be considered as a first line therapy in SUI women with bladder irritability symptoms.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Effect of Spiritual Well-being on Mental Health in Nursing Students
    Nae-Young Lee, Ji-Young Han
    Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing.2014; 23(1): 21.     CrossRef
Acute Pulmonary Embolism by Silicone Injection: Radiologic Findings.
Jae Kyo Lee
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):215-223.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.215
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Silicone is widely used for medical purposes in breast augmentation and other cosmetic procedures. Illegal injections of silicone in human beings might have adverse effects and one of the serious problems is a silicone embolism. We experienced five cases of unusual respiratory difficulties after an injection of liquid silicone in the breast, vagina, uterus, and hip. They were all young adult females, who were previously healthy. One of them died after the injection. The three remaining patients were admitted because of dyspnea, coughing, chest discomfort and bilateral pulmonary infiltration after the silicone injection. A transbronchial lung biopsy and autopsy disclosed many oil like materials filling the alveolar septal capillaries. Three patients underwent a computed tomogram (CT), which revealed multifocal airspace consolidations at the peripheral and non-dependent portions of both lungs, which is a different finding from other thromboembolisms. Lung scans of the disclosed abnormalities were compatible with silicone induced pulmonary embolism.
Sonographic Findings of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma.
Jae Kyo Lee
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):224-230.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.224
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
To determine the various sonographic findings in a papillary carcinoma of the thyroid. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 48 patients with a proven papillary carcinoma of the thyroid were involved. The sonographic features analyzed were the size, shape, content, margin, internal echo, and calcification pattern. RESULTS: Common sonographic features of a papillary carcinoma include the hypoechoic texture (94%), an ill defined margin (81%), a solid nodule (100%), irregular shape (48%), and microcalcifications (35%), or no calcifications (42%). The uncommon features included a hyperechoic or mixed echo texture, cystic elements, a well defined margin, and a coarse or peripheral calcifications. CONCLUSION: Ill-defined hypoechoic solid nodule with microcalcification is a characteristic ultrasonographic finding of a thyroid papillary carcinoma.
Case Reports
A Case of Congenital Factor VII Deficiency Presented with Subacute Subdural Hematoma.
Min Kyoung Kim, Sang Jun Shin, Kyung Ok Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Myung Soo Hyun, Hee Soon Cho
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):231-236.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.231
  • 1,759 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
A congenital factor VII deficiency is a rare disorder with an estimated incidence in the western contries of one in 500, 000. Because factor VII is important in initiation the coagulation cascade, a factor VII deficiency can result in significant bleeding with prolongation of the prothrombin time. We present a case of a factor VII deficiency with a subdural hematoma in an 18-year-old boy whose plasma activity of factor VII was < or =10%. Previously, he did not have any symptoms, such as hemarthrosis, easy bruising or bleeding after a minor trauma. He was administered fresh frozen plasma and a trephination was performed. His sister also had 51% lower level of factor VII.

Citations

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  • A forgotten or minimized head trauma, rather than a mild FVII deficiency, is the most likely cause of a subdural hematoma
    A. Girolami, S. Ferrari, E. Cosi, A.M. Lombardi
    Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases.2016; 60: 73.     CrossRef
  • A case of intracranial hemorrhage in a neonate with congenital factor VII deficiency
    Won Seok Lee, Young Sil Park
    Korean Journal of Pediatrics.2010; 53(10): 913.     CrossRef
A Case of Complete Remission of Hairy Cell Leukemia by 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine.
Yong Gil Kim, Sang Jin Lee, Min Kyung Kim, Kyung Hee Lee, Myung Soo Hyun, Hee Sun Cho
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):237-241.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.237
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Hairy cell leukemia (HCL) is an uncommon chronic B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder that is characterized by cytopenia, splenomegaly, and mononuclear cells displaying cytoplasmic projections. We experienced a case of hairy cell leukemia that developed in a 38-year-old man. He showed marked splenomegaly without palpable lymphoadenopathy. A complete blood cell count revealed leukopenia (3300/microliter with 63% of lymphocyte) and the peripheral blood smear showed abnormal lymphoid cells with cytoplasmic projections. The bone marrow smear revealed abnormal lymphocytes and severe myelofibrosis. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase reactivity was strongly positive in the hairy cells. The immunophenotyping results of lymphoid cells were CD5 (-), CD10 (-), CD19 (+), CD25 (+), CD103 (+), CD20 (+), lambda (+). The patient was treated with 2-Chlorodeoxyadenosine at a daily dose of 0.1mg/Kg by a continuous intravenous infusion for 7 days. The patient achieved complete remission.
Treatment in Bimaxillary Prognathism with Anterior Open Bite: A Case Report.
Sang Deuk Chun, Byung Rho Chin
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):242-250.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.242
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AbstractAbstract PDF
In general, the skeletal class III has the characteristics of mandibular overgrowth with a normal maxillary growth or maxillary undergrowth with a normal mandibular growth And clinical and radiographic evaluations of the patient are needed. However, the treatment plan is not dependent on these evaluations alone, because patient's general condition and hope for aesthetics varies. The aim of this report is to consider the treatment of a medically compromised patient with an anterior open bite and skeletal class III, which showed a severe mandibular overgrowth. In 2003, a 17-year-old boy with epilepsy, mental retardation presented at our clinic complaining of concave profile. A clinical examination showed severe mandibular prognathism with an anterior open bite. The radiographic examination revealed a short cranial base, a moderate maxillary overgrowth, severe mandibular overgrowth and skeletal open bite tendency. In 2004, he was verified to have no potential of growth by hand-and-wrist radiographs and an endocrine examination. He completed the preoperative orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery (sagittal split ramus osteotomy, genioplasty). He was evaluated on the first visit, the preoperative period and the postoperative period with a clinical and radiographic examination. At the first visit, the patient showed moderate overgrowth of the maxilla, severe overgrowth of the mandible, and a subsequential skeletal open bite. After the preoperative orthodontic treatment (preoperative period), the patient showed the same skeletal problem as before and a decompensated dentition for orthognathic surgery. After orthognathic surgery, his profile had improved, but he had still a skeletal openbite tendency because the maxillary orthognathic surgery was not performed. Severe mandibular prognathism with a maxillary overgrowth and anterior open bite should be treated by bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. However, one-jaw orthognathic surgery on the remaining the skeletal open bite tendency was performed for his medical problem and facial esthetics. This subsequential open bite should be resolved with a postoperative orthodontic treatment.
A Case of Spontaneous Uterine Rupture of the Unscarred Uterus in 14 Weeks Gestation.
Jeong Suk Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Yeun Kyoung Bae, Yoon Ki Park
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):251-255.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.251
  • 1,449 View
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Spontaneous uterine rupture of the unscarred uterus during the second trimester of pregnancy is rare, but it is a surgical emergency. Because it results in rapid deterioration of patient and high mortality despite of prompt operation and massive transfusion, early diagnosis and proper management are critical for optimizing patient care. We present a case of spontaneous uterine rupture with fetal death in 14 weeks gestation with a brief review of literatures.
Ewing's Sarcoma of the Calcaneus: A Case Report.
Joon Hyuk Choi, Ji Hyun Yeo, Mi Jin Kim, Duck Seop Shin, Kil Ho Cho
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2004;21(2):256-261.   Published online December 31, 2004
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2004.21.2.256
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AbstractAbstract PDF
Ewing's sarcoma is rarely found occurs in the bones of the hands and feet. We report a case of Ewing's sarcoma of the left calcaneus in a 15-year-old girl who complained of left heel pain and swelling. An open biopsy was performed and histological examination showed the proliferation of uniform small round cells. Immunohistochemical staining for CD99 showed diffuse strong positivity in the cytoplasmic membrane of the tumor cells. After preoperative chemotherapy, a below knee amputation was performed.

Citations

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  • Diagnoses, treatment, and oncologic outcomes in patients with calcaneal malignances: Case series, systematic literature review, and pooled cohort analysis
    Erik T. Newman, Eveline A. J. van Rein, Nina Theyskens, Marco L. Ferrone, John E. Ready, Kevin A. Raskin, Santiago A. Lozano Calderon
    Journal of Surgical Oncology.2020; 122(8): 1731.     CrossRef

JYMS : Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science