Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Focused Review article

State-of-the-art update for diagnosing diabetic foot osteomyelitis: a narrative review: Inha Woo, Seung Jae Cho, Chul Hyun Park; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(4):321-327. Published online October 12, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2023.00976

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Recently, the International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot and the Infectious Diseases Society of America divided diabetic foot disease into diabetic foot infection (DFI) and diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO). DFI is usually diagnosed clinically, while numerous methods exist to diagnose DFO. In this narrative review, the authors aim to summarize the updated data on the diagnosis of DFO. An extensive literature search using “diabetic foot [MeSH]” and “osteomyelitis [MeSH]” or “diagnosis” was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar in July 2023. The possibility of DFO is based on inflammatory clinical signs, including the probe-to-bone (PTB) test. Elevated inflammatory biochemical markers, especially erythrocyte sedimentation rate, are beneficial. Distinguishing abnormal findings of plain radiographs is also a first-line approach. Moreover, sophisticated modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine imaging, are helpful if doubt remains after a first-line diagnosis. Transcutaneous bone biopsy, which does not pass through the wound, is necessary to avoid contaminating the sample. This review focuses on the current diagnostic techniques for DFOs with an emphasis on the updates. To obtain the correct therapeutic results, selecting a proper option is necessary. Based on these numerous diagnosis modalities and indications, the proper choice of diagnostic tool can have favorable treatment outcomes.

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Unveiling the challenges of diabetic foot infections: diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, and rehabilitation
Chul Hyun Park
Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science.2023; 40(4): 319. CrossRef

Editorial

Unveiling the challenges of diabetic foot infections: diagnosis, pathogenesis, treatment, and rehabilitation: Chul Hyun Park; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(4):319-320. Published online October 11, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2023.01011

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Tarsal tunnel syndrome due to talocalcaneal coalition: Chul Hyun Park, Mathieu Boudier-Revéret, Min Cheol Chang; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(1):106-108. Published online October 5, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01473

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Deep-Learning Algorithms for Prescribing Insoles to Patients with Foot Pain
Jeoung Kun Kim, Yoo Jin Choo, In Sik Park, Jin-Woo Choi, Donghwi Park, Min Cheol Chang
Applied Sciences.2023; 13(4): 2208. CrossRef

Review article

Forefoot disorders and conservative treatment: Chul Hyun Park, Min Cheol Chang; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(2):92-98. Published online May 14, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00185

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Abstract PDF

Forefoot disorders are often seen in clinical practice. Forefoot deformity and pain can deteriorate gait function and decrease quality of life. This review presents common forefoot disorders and conservative treatment using an insole or orthosis. Metatarsalgia is a painful foot condition affecting the metatarsal (MT) region of the foot. A MT pad, MT bar, or forefoot cushion can be used to alleviate MT pain. Hallux valgus is a deformity characterized by medial deviation of the first MT and lateral deviation of the hallux. A toe spreader, valgus splint, and bunion shield are commonly applied to patients with hallux valgus. Hallux limitus and hallux rigidus refer to painful limitations of dorsiflexion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint. A kinetic wedge foot orthosis or rocker sole can help relieve symptoms from hallux limitus or rigidus. Hammer, claw, and mallet toes are sagittal plane deformities of the lesser toes. Toe sleeve or padding can be applied over high-pressure areas in the proximal or distal interphalangeal joints or under the MT heads. An MT off-loading insole can also be used to alleviate symptoms following lesser toe deformities. Morton’s neuroma is a benign neuroma of an intermetatarsal plantar nerve that leads to a painful condition affecting the MT area. The MT bar, the plantar pad, or a more cushioned insole would be useful. In addition, patients with any of the above various forefoot disorders should avoid tight-fitting or high-heeled shoes. Applying an insole or orthosis and wearing proper shoes can be beneficial for managing forefoot disorders.

Citations

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Case Reports

Medial malleolar fracture associated with deltoid ligament rupture following ankle pronation injury: Chan Ho Park, Jae Woo Park, Chul Hyun Park, Sang Jin Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2017;34(1):146-148. Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2017.34.1.146

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Abstract PDF: Concurrent injury of medial malleolus and deltoid ligament is difficult to occur considering the injury mechanism. When the concurrent injury comes about, the deltoid ligament injury could be missed and it may lead to medial ankle instability. There are few reported cases of the concurrent injury and domestic case of concurrent failure of both structures over the medial side has been reported just once; however, the injury mechanism is different from this case. The authors report a case of medial malleolus fracture with deltoid ligament rupture following pronation injury with a review of necessity of repairing deltoid ligament for ankle stability.

Treatment of Bilateral Hawkins Type II Talar Neck Fractures.: Jee Hoon Kim, Jung Rae Kim, Chul Hyun Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2013;30(2):124-127. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2013.30.2.124

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Abstract PDF: Talus fracture is less common than most fractures, and bilateral talar neck fracture is extremely rare. Complications associated with talus fractures are generally deemed common because of the anatomical characteristics of the talus, but few reports have described the methods of treating such complications and the results of bilateral talar neck fracture. We report here a case of bilateral Hawkins type II talar neck fracture that had good clinical results without complications after early surgical treatment.

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