Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original articles

Dentistry
Hydrogen-rich electrolyzed water is a useful mouthwash due to its biofilm-control properties: an in vitro and in vivo study: Ha-Young Youn, Ji-Hye Kim, Min-Jeong Cho, Su-Hyung Hong, Eun-Kyong Kim; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2025;42:34. Published online May 8, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2025.42.34

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Abstract PDF: Background
Previous studies have demonstrated the inhibitory effect of hydrogen-rich water on biofilm formation. However, hydrogen-rich electrolyzed water (HEW) has not been evaluated as mouthwash, despite being economical, convenient, and biologically safe. We assessed the antibiofilm effects of HEW on Streptococcus mutans and its potential as a mouthwash.
Methods
The effect of HEW on S. mutans growth was assessed by measuring bacterial colony-forming units, and biofilm formation capacity was examined by crystal violet staining after culturing on a polystyrene plate. The effect of HEW on biofilm formation-related gene expression in S. mutans was assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Finally, the effect of HEW on salivary S. mutans and plaque maturation was evaluated in 24 participants; after gargling with HEW twice daily, the salivary S. mutans count was quantified using a Caries Risk Test bacteria kit (Ivoclar Vivadent AG), and plaque maturation was compared using quantitative light-induced fluorescence imaging.
Results
Exposure to HEW resulted in no significant changes in S. mutans growth but a significant reduction in biofilm formation in vitro (p<0.001). Furthermore, the gene expression of glucosyltransferases (gtfB, gtfC) was significantly lower than that in the control group treated with tap water (p<0.05, p<0.01). S. mutans counts and plaque maturation were significantly lower in participants who gargled with HEW than in those who gargled with tap water (p<0.01).
Conclusion
Our data suggest that oral rinsing with HEW exerts antibiofilm effects on S. mutans, indicating that it can be used as a mouthwash to treat dental biofilm-dependent diseases.

Dentistry
Association between dental amalgam restoration and urine mercury concentrations among young women: a cross-sectional study: Su-Bin Park, Eun-Kyong Kim, Joon Sakong, Eun Young Park; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(4):373-380. Published online March 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00955

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Background
The association between dental amalgam fillings and urine mercury concentrations was investigated in this study to assess the health risks associated with dental amalgams.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 99 women in their 20s who visited the dental clinic in Daegu, Korea. The 99 participants were composed of 68 subjects who had dental amalgam fillings (exposure group) and 31 subjects who did not have dental amalgam fillings (nonexposure group). Oral examinations were conducted by a single dental hygienist, sociodemographic features were investigated as confounding variables, and urine mercury concentrations were measured using an automatic mercury analyzer.
Results
The mean±standard deviation of the urine mercury concentrations of the exposure and nonexposure groups were 1.50±1.78 μg/g creatinine and 0.53±0.63 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The exposure group showed significantly higher levels than the nonexposure group (p<0.01). The urine mercury concentration significantly increased with an increase in the number of teeth filled with amalgam, cavity surfaces involved, and number of defective amalgam fillings, and according to the latest exposure time (p<0.001). In the multiple regression analysis of amalgam-related factors and urine mercury concentrations after correction for confounding factors, the urine mercury concentration in the group with six or more amalgam-filled teeth, 11 or more cavity surfaces, and two or more defective amalgams was significantly higher than that in the nonexposure group (p<0.001).
Conclusion
According to this study, exposure to dental amalgams was confirmed to significantly affect urine mercury concentrations.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Correlation between dental amalgam fillings and urinary mercury levels in the Jordanian population: A comparative population-based study
Ibrahim Al-Odat, Saad Al-Fawaeir, Naser Odat
Journal of Dental Sciences.2026; 21(1): 225. CrossRef

Case report

Dentistry
Three-dimensional printing of temporary crowns with polylactic acid polymer using the fused deposition modeling technique: a case series: Eun-Kyong Kim, Eun Young Park, Sohee Kang; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(3):302-307. Published online November 4, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00612

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Abstract PDF

With recent developments in digital dentistry, research on techniques and materials for three-dimensional (3D) printing is actively underway. We report the clinical applications and outcomes of 3D printing of temporary crowns fabricated with polylactic acid (PLA) using a fused deposition modeling (FDM) printer. Five participants were recruited from among patients scheduled to be treated with a single full-coverage crown at a dental clinic in a university medical center from June to August 2022. We used 3D-printed crowns fabricated with PLA using an FDM printer as temporary crowns and were assessed for discomfort, fracture, and dislodging. The 3D-printed temporary crowns were maintained without fracture, dislodging, or discomfort until the permanent prosthesis was ready. The average time required for printing the temporary crowns was approximately 7 minutes. The 3D printing of temporary crowns with PLA using an FDM printer is a convenient process for dentists. However, these crowns have some limitations, such as rough surface texture and translucency; therefore, the 3D printing process should be improved to produce better prostheses.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Advances in 3D printing for dentistry: clinical applications and future perspectives
Partha Protim Borthakur, Jon Jyoti Sahariah, Malita Sarma, Aparoop Das, Kalyani Pathak, Mohammad Zaki Ahmad, Basel A. Abdel-Wahab
Exploration of Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
The Applications of 3D-Printing Technology in Prosthodontics: A Review of the Current Literature
Mohammed H Alyami
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Cytotoxicity of dental self-curing resin for a temporary crown: an in vitro study
Jae-wan Ko, Joon Sakong, Sohee Kang
Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science.2023; 40(Suppl): S1. CrossRef
Wear resistance of dental resin crowns in accordance with different additive manufacturing technologies and abrader types during chewing simulations
Myoung Ji Choi, Jae-Sung Kwon
Korean Journal of Dental Materials.2023; 50(4): 217. CrossRef

Original articles

Dentistry
Evaluation of craniofacial morphology in short-statured children: growth hormone deficiency versus idiopathic short stature: Ki Bong Kim, Eun-Kyong Kim, Kyung Mi Jang, Min Seon Kim, Eun Young Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(1):47-52. Published online July 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00325

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Abstract PDF

Background
Short stature is defined as a height below the 3rd percentile or more than two standard deviations below the mean for a given age, sex, and population. There have been inconsistent results regarding craniofacial morphology in short-statured children. This study aimed to analyze the differences between short-statured children with growth hormone deficiency, idiopathic short-statured children, and normal children.
Methods
Thirty-one short-statured children with growth hormone deficiency, 32 idiopathic short-statured children, and 32 healthy children were enrolled in this study. The measurements of their craniofacial structures from lateral cephalograms were evaluated.
Results
There were statistically significant differences among the three groups seven variables (anterior cranial base length, posterior cranial base length, total cranial base length, upper posterior facial height, posterior total facial height, mandibular ramus length, and overall mandibular length) in the linear measurement and five variables (saddle angle, gonial angle, mandibular plane angle, position of mandible, and maxilla versus mandible) in the angular measurement.
Conclusion
Compared to the control group, many linear and angular measurements of the craniofacial structures were significantly different in the two short-statured groups (p<0.05). Treatment plans by orthodontists should include these craniofacial structure characteristics.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Dental arches in inherited severe isolated growth hormone deficiency
Rafaela S. Girão, Manuel H. Aguiar-Oliveira, Bruna M.R. Andrade, Marcos A.V. Bittencourt, Roberto Salvatori, Evânio V. Silva, André L.M. Santos, Matheus M. Cunha, Wilton M. Takeshita, Alaíde H.A. Oliveira, Eugênia H.O. Valença, Alécia A. Oliveira-Santos,
Growth Hormone & IGF Research.2022; 62: 101444. CrossRef
Sella turcica dimensions and maxillary growth in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate
Gregory S. Antonarakis, Luis Huanca Ghislanzoni, David M. Fisher
Journal of Stomatology, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery.2022; 123(6): e916. CrossRef
Clinical Implications of Growth Hormone Deficiency for Oral Health in Children: A Systematic Review
Natalia Torlińska-Walkowiak, Katarzyna Anna Majewska, Andrzej Kędzia, Justyna Opydo-Szymaczek
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(16): 3733. CrossRef
A Clinical Study on the Treatment of Children’s Short Stature with Auxiliary Comprehensive Management Combined with Growth Patch
Haiying Feng, Weizhu Zhao, Huijun Yu, Guanfu Wang, Qunhong Wang, Songwen Tan
Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef

Dentistry
Comparison of the removal torque and a histomorphometric evaluation of the RBM treated implants with the RBM followed by laser treated implants: an experimental study in rabbits: Eun Young Park, Hae Ok Sohn, Eun-Kyong Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(1):43-49. Published online January 11, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00094

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Abstract PDF

Background
In the osseointegration of dental implants, the implant surface properties have been reported to be some of the most important critical factors. The effect of implant’s surfaces created by resorbable blast media (RBM) followed by laser ablation on bone tissue reactions was examined using the removal torque test and histomorphometric analysis.
Methods
Two types of dental implants, RBM-laser implants (experimental group) and RBM implants (control group) (CSM implant system, Daegu, Korea; L=6 mm, diameter=3.75 mm) were placed into the right and left distal femoral metaphysis of 17 adult rabbits. Six weeks after placement, removal torque was measured and histomorphometric analysis was performed.
Results
The mean removal torque was 24.0±10.2 Ncm and 46.6±16.4 Ncm for the control and test specimens, respectively. The experimental RBM-laser implants had significantly higher removal torque values than the control RBM implants (p=0.013). The mean values of total and cortical bone to implant contact (BIC) were respectively 46.3±10.8% and 65.3±12.5% for the experimental group, and 41.9±18.5% and 57.6±10.6% for the control group. The experimental RBM-laser implants showed a higher degree of total and cortical BIC compared with RBM implants, but there was no statistical significance (p=0.482, 0.225).
Conclusion
The removal torque and BIC of the test group were higher than those of the control group. In this study, the surface treatment created by RBM treatment followed by laser ablation appears to have a potential in improving bone tissue reactions of dental implants.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Biological, Biomechanical, and Histopathological Evaluation of Polyetherketoneketone Bioactive Composite as Implant Material
Manar E. Al‐Samaray, Abdalbseet A. Fatalla
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Optimization of Peri-Implant Bone Repair in Estrogen-Deficient Rats on a Cafeteria Diet: The Combined Effects of Systemic Risedronate and Genistein-Functionalized Implants
Tatiany Aparecida de Castro, Jaqueline Suemi Hassumi, Gabriela Morais Julião, Marina Corrêa Dutra, Ana Cláudia Ervolino da Silva, Naara Gabriela Monteiro, Fábio Roberto de Souza Batista, Gabriel Mulinari-Santos, Paulo Noronha Lisboa-Filho, Roberta Okamoto
Materials.2025; 18(3): 662. CrossRef
Low Intensity Thermal Stimulation to Enhance Early Osteointegration in Implants: A Preclinical Study in Rabbits
Zhu Xiufeng, Wang Miao, Zhou Huixia, Xu Boya, Chang Xiaofeng, He Longlong
Clinical and Experimental Dental Research.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Osseointegration of Nitrogen‐Containing Bisphosphonate Coatings on Dental Implants: An Experimental Pilot Study
Reza Ardeshir Mokhtari, Marcel Kunrath, Christelle Darnaud, Hanna Aludden, Lotta Tollstoy, Anders Palmquist, Christer Dahlin
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Determining primary stability for adhesively stabilized dental implants
Ole Zoffmann Andersen, Benjamin Bellón, Maryam Lamkaouchi, Marzia Brunelli, Qiuju Wei, Philip Procter, Benjamin E. Pippenger
Clinical Oral Investigations.2023; 27(7): 3741. CrossRef

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