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JYMS : Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

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1 "Avulsion fractures"
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Review article
Avulsion injuries: an update on radiologic findings
Changwon Choi, Sun Joo Lee, Hye Jung Choo, In Sook Lee, Sung Kwan Kim
Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(4):289-307.   Published online August 13, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01102
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  • 3 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
Avulsion injuries result from the application of a tensile force to a musculoskeletal unit or ligament. Although injuries tend to occur more commonly in skeletally immature populations due to the weakness of their apophysis, adults may also be subject to avulsion fractures, particularly those with osteoporotic bones. The most common sites of avulsion injuries in adolescents and children are apophyses of the pelvis and knee. In adults, avulsion injuries commonly occur within the tendon due to underlying degeneration or tendinosis. However, any location can be involved in avulsion injuries. Radiography is the first imaging modality to diagnose avulsion injury, although advanced imaging modalities are occasionally required to identify subtle lesions or to fully delineate the extent of the injury. Ultrasonography has a high spatial resolution with a dynamic assessment potential and allows the comparison of a bone avulsion with the opposite side. Computed tomography is more sensitive for depicting a tiny osseous fragment located adjacent to the expected attachment site of a ligament, tendon, or capsule. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging is the best imaging modality for the evaluation of soft tissue abnormalities, especially the affected muscles, tendons, and ligaments. Acute avulsion injuries usually manifest as avulsed bone fragments. In contrast, chronic injuries can easily mimic other disease processes, such as infections or neoplasms. Therefore, recognizing the vulnerable sites and characteristic imaging features of avulsion fractures would be helpful in ensuring accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management. To this end, familiarity with musculoskeletal anatomy and mechanism of injury is necessary.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Surgical management of posterior ligament complex stripping in an adolescent spinal flexion distraction injury: A case report and literature review
    Dong-Ju Lim
    International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2024; 114: 109195.     CrossRef
  • Ischial Tuberosity Avulsion Fracture Mimicking Calcified Mass on Plain Films: A Case Report
    Mason A Williams, Lena Naffaa
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Isolated fracture of the lesser tuberosity of the humerus – a rare injury that requires surgical treatment
    Miodrag Glisic, Vladan Stevanovic, Aleksandar Jevtic, Uros Jovicevic, Ivan Jankovic
    Vojnosanitetski pregled.2023; 80(3): 279.     CrossRef

JYMS : Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science