Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

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Original articles

Public Health, Environmental, and Occupational Health
Significant reduction in norovirus outbreaks and secondary transmission of acute gastroenteritis in Seoul schools following the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective epidemiological study: Euncheol Son, Young-Hoon Kim; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2025;42:65. Published online October 14, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2025.42.65

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material

Background
Unexpectedly, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic (2020–2022), it was reported that the number of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks (AGEOs) increased abruptly in childcare centers and kindergartens due to the increase in norovirus GII.4 transmission. However, changes in AGEOs in schools have not been reported during the same period. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the characteristics of AGEOs in schools before and after 2020.
Methods
We analyzed the results of AGEO epidemiological investigation reports in Seoul.
Results
The number of AGEO cases in schools decreased after 2020. Norovirus was identified as the causative pathogen in 10 of 11 cases in 2019, while only five cases were caused by norovirus among the 12 cases between 2020 and 2022. The average attack rate decreased from 10.2% in 2019 to 5.2% between 2020 and 2022. The average duration of patient occurrence also decreased from 7.5 days in 2019 to 4 days between 2020 and 2022. Secondary transmission occurred in all 2019 cases. However, secondary transmission was not observed in half of the cases between 2020 and 2022.
Conclusion
Norovirus outbreaks and secondary transmission in schools declined after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, probably because of infection control measures implemented to prevent COVID-19 transmission.

Citations

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Sudden pertussis outbreaks in Guro-gu, Seoul: epidemiological characteristics and contributing factors in 2024
Woosuk Han, Heejin Kimm, Yeun Soo Yang, Jun Wook Kwon, Euncheol Son
Child Health Nursing Research.2026; 32(2): 203. CrossRef

Surgery
Diagnostic performance of F-18 FDG PET or PET/CT for detection of recurrent gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis: Chang In Choi, Jae Kyun Park, Tae Yong Jeon, Dae-Hwan Kim; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(Suppl):S37-S46. Published online August 17, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2023.00220

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Abstract PDF

Background
This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the diagnostic performance of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) or PET/computed tomography (PET/CT) for the detection of disease recurrence after curative resection of gastric cancer.
Methods
The PubMed and Embase databases, from the earliest available date of indexing through November 30, 2019, were searched for studies evaluating the diagnostic performance of F-18 FDG PET or PET/CT to detect recurrent disease after gastric cancer surgery.
Results
Across 17 studies (1,732 patients), the pooled sensitivity for F-18 FDG PET or PET/CT was 0.82 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.74–0.88) with heterogeneity of I2=76.5 (p<0.001), and the specificity was 0.86 (95% CI, 0.78–0.91) with heterogeneity of I2=94.2 (p<0.001). Likelihood ratio (LR) tests gave an overall positive LR of 6.0 (95% CI, 3.6–9.7) and negative LR of 0.2 (95% CI, 0.14–0.31). The pooled diagnostic odds ratio was 29 (95% CI, 13–63). The summary receiver operating characteristic curve indicates that the area under the curve was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.88–0.93).
Conclusion
The current meta-analysis showed good sensitivity and specificity of F-18 FDG PET or PET/CT for detecting recurrent disease after curative resection of gastric cancer despite heterogeneity in ethnicity, recurrence rate, histology, and interpretation method.

Citations

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Personalized PET Imaging in Gastric Cancer: An Umbrella Review of Meta‐Analyses to Guide Radiopharmaceutical Selection and Clinical Indication
Aiganym Amrenova, Alma Shukirbekova, Sholpan Akhelova, Jamilya Assilbayeva, Andrey Gurin, Maira Ualieva, Bibigul Kaliyaskarova, Asset Sarsekeyev, Nadiar M. Mussin, Amin Tamadon, Swarbhanu Sarkar
International Journal of Biomedical Imaging.2026;[Epub] CrossRef
Follow-Up and Strategies After Curative Surgical Resection for Gastric Cancer
Seokin Kang
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2025; 25(4): 336. CrossRef

Case report

Oncology and Cancer Research
Intraabdominal abscess mimicking gastric cancer recurrence: a case report: Yong-Eun Park; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(4):426-429. Published online February 1, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00864

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Abstract PDF

Surgical site infection is a common healthcare-associated infection that rarely occurs several months after surgery. Herein, a case is described in which an abdominal mass lesion was found at a 6-month follow-up visit after gastrectomy was performed for early gastric cancer. Positron emission tomography-computed tomography revealed a 2.5 cm-sized mass with a high maximal standard uptake value (8.32), located above a previous anastomosis site. Locoregional recurrence of gastric cancer was diagnosed by multidisciplinary team discussion, and explorative laparotomy was performed. However, surgical and pathologic findings revealed that the mass was an intraabdominal abscess. In conclusion, differential diagnosis of delayed abscess formation should be considered if the possibility of tumor recurrence is low, especially after early gastric cancer surgery.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

ChatGPT-4o outperforms gemini advanced in assisting multidisciplinary decision-making for advanced gastric cancer
Huizi Li, Jiaobao Huang, Kuntang Liu, Jibiao Liu, Queling Liu, Zhiyong Zhou, Zhen Zong, Shengxun Mao
European Journal of Surgical Oncology.2025; 51(8): 110096. CrossRef

Original article

Surgery
Preemptive pyloroplasty for iatrogenic vagus nerve injury in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma patients undergoing extensive left-sided lymph node dissection: a retrospective observational study: Shin Hwang, Dong-Hwan Jung, Eun-Kyoung Jwa, Yumi Kim; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(3):235-243. Published online December 14, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01550

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Abstract PDF

Background
Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) of the left liver often shows left-sided lymph node (LN) metastasis. If gastric lesser curvature is extensively dissected, it can induce an iatrogenic injury to the extragastric vagus nerve branches that control motility of the pyloric sphincter and lead to gastric stasis. To cope with such LN dissection-associated gastric stasis, we performed pyloroplasty preemptively. The objective of this study was to analyze our 20-year experience of preemptive pyloroplasty performed in 10 patients.
Methods
We investigated clinical sequences of 10 patients with ICC who underwent preemptive pyloroplasty following left hepatectomy and extended left-sided LN dissection. Incidence of gastric stasis and oncological survival outcomes were analyzed.
Results
All 10 patients were classified as stage IIIB due to T1-3N1M0 stage according to the 8th edition of American Joint Committee on Cancer staging system. The overall patient survival rate was 51.9% at 1 year, 25.9% at 2 years, and 0% at 3 years. Seven patients showed uneventful postoperative recovery after surgery. Two patients suffered from gastric stasis, which was successfully managed with supportive care. One patient suffered from overt gastric paresis, which was successfully managed with azithromycin administration for 1 month.
Conclusion
We believe that preemptive pyloroplasty is an effective surgical option to prevent gastric stasis in patients undergoing extensive left-sided LN dissection. Azithromycin appears to be a potent prokinetic agent in gastroparesis.

Citations

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Delayed Return of Gastrointestinal Function after Partial Hepatectomy: A Single-Center Cross-Sectional Study
Giulia Piazza, Ismail Labgaa, Emilie Uldry, Emmanuel Melloul, Nermin Halkic, Gaëtan-Romain Joliat
Digestive Surgery.2024; 42(1): 9. CrossRef
Clinical implications and optimal extent of lymphadenectomy for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: A multicenter analysis of the therapeutic index
Yuzo Umeda, Kosei Takagi, Tatsuo Matsuda, Tomokazu Fuji, Toru Kojima, Daisuke Satoh, Masayoshi Hioki, Yoshikatsu Endo, Masaru Inagaki, Masahiro Oishi, Takahito Yagi, Toshiyoshi Fujiwara
Annals of Gastroenterological Surgery.2023; 7(3): 512. CrossRef

Case reports

Hematology
Adrenal insufficiency development during chemotherapy plus anti-programmed death receptor-1 monoclonal antibody (tislelizumab) therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer: two case reports: Jin Ho Baek; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(1):62-66. Published online April 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.00934

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Abstract PDF

Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-associated adrenal insufficiency is rare but may become a serious adverse event in patients treated with ICIs. The present case report documents two cases of adrenal insufficiency developed during chemotherapy plus tislelizumab (百泽安, Baize’an; BeiGene Ltd.) therapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer. Adrenal insufficiency developed after 6 and 13 cycles of treatment and was well controlled with hydrocortisone. The patients also developed hypothyroidism, which was managed with levothyroxine. Two patients showed a partial response, and one patient out of two achieved a near-complete response, sustaining over 11 months. Increased awareness of ICI-related adrenal insufficiency is crucial for early detection and prompt management of patients treated with ICIs.

Citations

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A case report of mesalazine alleviating diarrhea in a patient with nasopharyngeal cancer after tislelizumab treatment
Xiaomei Zhou, Yu Shu, Xi Chen, Bo Luo
Immunotherapy.2025; 17(7): 485. CrossRef
Analysis of adverse drug reactions in 507 cases of Tislelizumab: A real-world retrospective study based on data from Guangxi, China
Shaohuan Lu, Dajian Chen, Yang Li, Qianxi Chen, Guangyi Meng, Keiko Hosohata
PLOS One.2025; 20(8): e0329464. CrossRef
Immune checkpoint inhibitor-related adrenal hypofunction and Psoriasisby induced by tislelizumab: A case report and review of literature
Yisi Deng, Manling Huang, Runpei Deng, Jun Wang
Medicine.2024; 103(12): e37562. CrossRef
Severe thyrotoxicosis induced by tislelizumab: a case report and literature review
Liman Huo, Chao Wang, Haixia Ding, Xuelian Shi, Bin Shan, Ruoying Zhou, Ping Liang, Juan Hou
Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Immune-related adverse events with severe pain and ureteral expansion as the main manifestations: a case report of tislelizumab-induced ureteritis/cystitis and review of the literature
Qihao Zhou, Zhiquan Qin, Peiyuan Yan, Qunjiang Wang, Jing Qu, Yun Chen
Frontiers in Immunology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Isolated Renal Calyceal Urothelial Carcinoma Effectively Treated With PD-1 Inhibitor Alone: A Case Report And Literature Review
Shihao Li, Yi Zhu, Zhijian Xu, Jianjun Liu, Hongwei Liu
Frontiers in Oncology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Jejunogastric intussusception prone to misdiagnosis as gastric cancer: Yong-Eun Park, Sang-Woon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2020;37(3):236-241. Published online April 6, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00038

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Abstract PDF

The authors report a case of a 78-year-old female with a history of gastric surgery 35 years ago. She was initially misdiagnosed as gastric cancer bleeding and underwent an emergency laparotomy under the diagnosis of jejunogastric intussusception (JGI), 23 hours after the onset of symptoms. We also reviewed 116 JGI case reports and analyzed clinical features and outcomes. Compared to the past, diagnosis of JGI is easier with diagnostic examinations such as an endoscopy, computed tomography, and the upper gastrointestinal series. And a good prognosis can be expected with proper fluid resuscitation and surgical reduction, even if the symptoms persist more than 48 hours.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Jejunogastric intussusception after pancreaticoduodenectomy: a case report
Konosuke Yogo, Masanori Sando, Ryutaro Kobayashi, Genta Yano, Noriaki Ohara, Kiyotaka Kawai, Kenji Takagi, Satoru Kawai, Satoaki Kamiya
Surgical Case Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Review article

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Endoscopic features aiding the diagnosis of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: Byung Sam Park, Si Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(2):85-91. Published online February 26, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00136

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Abstract PDF

The incidence of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is increasing worldwide, but the diagnosis is difficult. Most patients are asymptomatic or complain of nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. As the endoscopic features of gastric MALT lymphoma are variable and nonspecific, the possibility of this condition may be overlooked during esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and it remain undiagnosed. Therefore, this condition needs to be considered when an abnormal mucosa is observed during this procedure. Biopsy performed during endoscopy is the primary diagnostic test, but false negative results are possible; large numbers of samples should be collected from both normal and abnormal mucosae. Endoscopic ultrasonography is useful to assess the depth of invasion and to predict the treatment response. After treatment, follow-up tests are required every 3 months until complete remission is achieved, and annually thereafter. Early diagnosis of gastric MALT lymphoma is difficult, and its diagnosis and follow-up require wide experience and competent endoscopic technique.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clinical management of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma
Ji Yong Ahn
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2026; 41(1): 8. CrossRef
Recent Advances in Gastrointestinal Indolent B-Cell Lymphomas
Yimeng Zhao, Weihua Yin, Xingen Wang
Lymphatics.2026; 4(1): 16. CrossRef
Not Every Headache Warrants a Head CT: A Recurrent Headache Unveiling H. Pylori‐Positive MALToma
Rebal Nahas, Serena Khoury, Emanuel-Youssef Dib, Karam Karam, Elias Fiani, Andee Dzulkarnaen Zakaria
Case Reports in Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Value of endoscopic submucosal dissection in diagnosing gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A case report
Shuo-Hui Li, Wei-Wei Niu, Xiao-Xia Huo, Hong Zhang, Li-Min Shi, Ya-Ting Liu, Jia-Jing Xing, Zhi-Xin Feng, Na Wang
World Journal of Gastroenterology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
GASTRIC MALT LYMPHOMA – CURRENT DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES
Jonatan Rataj, Kamil Harenza, Karolina Ollik, Marlena Radzka, Michalina Kosowska, Justyna Jankowska, Adrianna Wiekiera, Mateusz Wiekiera
International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Endoscopic Semiotics of the Gastritis-Like Form of Primary Gastric Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Valeriya Vitalevna Lozovaya, O. A. Malikhova, A. O. Tumanyan
Clinical Oncohematology.2024; 16(4): 380. CrossRef
Uncommon presentation of gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in a 13-year-old girl: acute vomiting of blood as the initial symptom
Xinyu Jin, Xin Jin, Piao Guo, Linjuan Lu, Weisong Sheng, Danrong Zhu
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2024; 86(5): 3001. CrossRef
Next-Generation-Sequencing of the Human B-Cell Receptor Improves Detection and Diagnosis and Enhances Disease Monitoring in Patients with Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma
Chidimma Agatha Akpa, Cora Husemann, Chris Allen, Ann-Christin von Brünneck, Jana Ihlow, Michael Hummel
Journal of Molecular Pathology.2024; 5(3): 292. CrossRef
Characteristics of Gastric Mucosa-associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma in Korea
Tae-Woo Kim, Joon Sung Kim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2024; 84(6): 243. CrossRef
A rare case of perforated gastric lymphoma presenting a life-threatening condition
Mohamed Zayati, Mohamed Ali Chaouch, Ahmed Hadj Taieb, Besma Gafsi, Mehdi Ben Abdelwahed, Faouzi Noomen
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Development and evaluation of a double-check support system using artificial intelligence in endoscopic screening for gastric cancer
Hirotaka Oura, Tomoaki Matsumura, Mai Fujie, Tsubasa Ishikawa, Ariki Nagashima, Wataru Shiratori, Mamoru Tokunaga, Tatsuya Kaneko, Yushi Imai, Tsubasa Oike, Yuya Yokoyama, Naoki Akizue, Yuki Ota, Kenichiro Okimoto, Makoto Arai, Yuki Nakagawa, Mari Inada,
Gastric Cancer.2022; 25(2): 392. CrossRef
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in the terminal ileum: A case report
Vitor Lauar Pimenta de Figueiredo, Igor Braga Ribeiro, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura, Cristiano Claudino Oliveira, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 14(3): 176. CrossRef
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma in the terminal ileum: A case report
Vitor Lauar Pimenta de Figueiredo, Igor Braga Ribeiro, Diogo Turiani Hourneaux de Moura, Cristiano Claudino Oliveira, Eduardo Guimarães Hourneaux de Moura
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2022; 14(3): 177. CrossRef
Gastrointestinal Tract Lymphoma
Ji Yong Ahn
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2022; 22(1): 18. CrossRef
Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphoma Masked as Gastric Varices With Acute Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report
David E Jonason, Michael Linden, Guru Trikudanathan
Cureus.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Endoscopic submucosal dissection for protruding Helicobacter pylori-negative mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma of the stomach: a case report
Mayuko Seya, Osamu Dohi, Katsuma Yamauchi, Hayato Fukui, Hajime Miyazaki, Takeshi Yasuda, Ken Inoue, Naohisa Yoshida, Yukiko Morinaga, Yoshito Itoh
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology.2022; 15(5): 881. CrossRef
Multimodality imaging findings of infection-induced tumors
Moataz Soliman, Nicholas Guys, Peter Liu, Mariam Moshiri, Christine O. Menias, Vincent M. Mellnick, Hatice Savas, Mohamed Badawy, Khaled M. Elsayes, Ayman H. Gaballah
Abdominal Radiology.2022; 47(11): 3930. CrossRef
Does endoscopic submucosal dissection have its place in the treatment of patients with gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma localized disease after eradication?
Y Li, Z Wang, X Zhang, J Yang
Acta Gastro Enterologica Belgica.2022; 85(2): 410. CrossRef
Multiple Synchronous Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Lymphomas Involving in the Stomach, Duodenum, Ileum, and Sigmoid
Chun-Wei Chen, Yang-Yuan Chen, Yung-Fang Chen
Diagnostics.2022; 12(12): 3150. CrossRef
Gastric Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphomas Diagnosed by Jumbo Biopsy Using Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: A Case Report
Jian Han, Jun Wang, Hua-ping Xie
Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Pedunculated mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma causing gastric outlet obstruction
Elena Resina Sierra, Pablo Miranda García, Magdalena Adrados, Cecilio Santander Vaquero
Revista Española de Enfermedades Digestivas.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Primary mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of the bladder from an imaging perspective: A case report
Zhen-Zhen Jiang, Yuan-Yuan Zheng, Chuan-Ling Hou, Xia-Tian Liu
World Journal of Clinical Cases.2021; 9(32): 10024. CrossRef

Case report

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Imatinib-induced hepatitis treated by corticosteroids in a patient with metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumor: Min Kyu Kang, Heon Ju Lee, Joon Hyuk Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(2):155-158. Published online January 21, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00115

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Abstract PDF

Imatinib mesylate is currently used as the first-line treatment for metastatic gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs). Imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity in patients with GIST is very rare. Its features vary from subclinical elevation of serum aminotransferase to clinically apparent acute hepatitis, which is associated with immunologic reactions. Imatinib-induced hepatotoxicity with autoimmune-like features can be treated by the discontinuation of imatinib mesylate and the administration of oral steroids. Here, we report a case of late-onset imatinib-induced hepatitis with autoimmune-like features in a patient with metastatic GIST, which was improved by oral corticosteroids.

Citations

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Ibrutinib-Associated Liver Injury in a Patient with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Clinical Course and Therapeutic Approach
Antonio Frolli, Guido Parvis, Martina Bullo, Selene Grano, Giovanni Fornari, Valentina Bonuomo, Daniela Cilloni, Carmen Fava
Hematology Reports.2025; 17(6): 69. CrossRef
The prevalence of hepatic and thyroid toxicity associated with imatinib treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia: a systematic review
Mansour Tobaiqy, Nawal Helmi, Katie MacLure, Sylvia Saade
International Journal of Clinical Pharmacy.2024; 46(2): 368. CrossRef
Investigation of the role of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in new-generation BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitors-induced hepatotoxicity
Ege Arzuk
Toxicology Letters.2024; 400: 71. CrossRef
Antioxidant-Based Preventive Effect of Phytochemicals on Anticancer Drug-Induced Hepatotoxicity
Ji Eon Park, Chi-Hoon Ahn, Hyo-Jung Lee, Deok Yong Sim, Su Yeon Park, Bonglee Kim, Bum Sang Shim, Dae Young Lee, Sung-Hoon Kim
Antioxidants & Redox Signaling.2023; 38(16-18): 1101. CrossRef

Original Article

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Effect of preoperative pregabalin on postoperative pain after gastrectomy: Chan Yoon Park, Sol Hee Park, Dong Gun Lim, Eun Kyung Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2018;35(1):40-44. Published online June 30, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2018.35.1.40

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Abstract PDF

Background
Pregabalin has been studied as a single or multimodal analgesic drug for postoperative pain management in different types of surgeries. We evaluated the analgesic effect of 150 mg of pregabalin in resolving post-gastrectomy pain.
Methods
Forty-four patients were randomized into two groups: a pregabalin group that received oral pregabalin (150 mg) 2 h before anesthetic induction, and a control group that received placebo tablets at the same time. Data on postoperative pain intensity (visual analog scale [VAS], at 30 min, 2 h, 4 h, and 24 h), consumption of fentanyl in patient-controlled analgesia (PCA), and the proportion of patients requiring rescue analgesics at different time intervals (0-2 h, 2-4 h, and 4-24 h) were collected during the 24 h postoperative period.
Results
The VAS scores did not show significant differences at any time point and consumption of fentanyl in PCA and the proportion of patients requiring rescue analgesics did not differ between the two groups. The groups did not differ in the occurrence of dizziness, sedation, and dry mouth.
Conclusion
A preoperative 150 mg dose of pregabalin exerts no effect on acute pain after gastrectomy.

Citations

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Treatment of acute postoperative pain in patients undergoing open abdominal aortic repair (current state of the problem)
Anzhelika V. Kozhanova, Georgy P. Plotnikov
Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management.2022; 16(1): 45. CrossRef
Comparison of premedication with 75 mg and 150 mg pregabalin for postoperative analgesia in total hysterectomy patients - A randomised control trial
Ajish Varghese Cheruvathur, Dilshad Thondi Parambil, Saurabh Vig, Salman Mohammed Kutty Chenath, Priyadharshini Nagaraj, Krupa Mulgaonkar, S Jeevithan
Indian Journal of Clinical Anaesthesia.2022; 9(4): 467. CrossRef

Case Reports

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Hepatic portal venous gas in paralytic ileus.: Ji Eun Lee, Min Soo Sohn, Jun Ho Hur, Sun Young Cho, Sun Taek Choi, Young Ho Sung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2014;31(1):56-60. Published online June 30, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2014.31.1.56

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Abstract PDF: Hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) is a rare radiographic finding associated with severe intra-abdominal disease and fatal outcome. Most cases of HPVG are historically related to mesenteric ischemia accompanied by bowel necrosis. The current spread of computed tomography scan promotes not only the early detection of related severe diseases but also the identification of other causes of HPVG. It has been reported in many non-fatal conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, intra-abdominal abscess, bowel obstruction, paralytic ileus, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and endoscopic sphincterotomy, and gastric dilatation. Among these, paralytic ileus is a very rare condition, with no case yet reported in South Korea. Reported herein is a case of HPVG in paralytic ileus, which was treated well internally and was promptly resolved.

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
A Case of Aggravated Hyperplastic Gastric Polyps after Treatment with Long-term Proton Pump Inhibitors.: Ho Tae Kim, Jong Wan Park, Seok Hyeon Eom, Tae Yeung Kwak, Hong Suk Hwang, Yeung Sung Kim, Dong Hyup Kwak, Jung Hee Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2013;30(2):141-144. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2013.30.2.141

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Abstract PDF

Hyperplastic gastric polyps (HPPs) are the most common type of gastric polyps. They are assumed to be caused by chronic inflammation and regenerative proliferation, although this has not been clearly investigated yet. Many studies suggested the development of fundic gland polyps and carcinoid during long-term proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy, but the relationship between PPIs and HPPs is still unclear. We encountered a patient who showed aggravation of HPPs after long-term use of PPIs. A 58-year-old male patient with liver cirrhosis visited our hospital because of hematemesis. We started PPI medication after confirming esophageal variceal bleeding and duodenal ulcer with blood clot in its base via emergency endoscopy. He took PPIs for three years because of an intractable duodenal ulcer. There was a marked increase in the size of the pre-existing polyps and in the development of new polyps. We presumed that the PPIs caused the aggravation of the HPPs, so we stopped their administration. After five months, the HPPs shrank and the polyps were partially degraded. More prospective studies are needed to investigate the relationship between HPPs and PPIs.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Spontaneous Regression of Hyperplastic Gastric Polyps
Soo Yong Choi, Jong Kyu Park, Sang Jin Lee, Woo Jin Jung, Hak Soo Kim, Gab Jin Cheon, Dae Woon Eom
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2017; 17(4): 213. CrossRef

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
A Case of Gastric Lipoma with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding.: Min Geun Gu, Kook Hyun Kim, Byung Sam Park, Sung Yun Jung, Yo Han Jeong, Dong Won Lee, Hyeong Chan Shin, Mi Jin Gu; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2013;30(2):132-135. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2013.30.2.132

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Abstract PDF: Gastric lipoma is a typical benign submucosal tumor that is usually asymptomatic and is generally detected incidentally when performing gastroscopy. However, depending on its size and location, an atypical gastrointestinal lipoma can cause abdominal pain, diarrhea, constipation, intestinal obstruction, intussuception and life-threatening gastrointestinal bleeding. We report herein a case of gastric lipoma with bleeding in a 43-year-old man. The gastroscopy showed a 4x4 cm ulcero-fungating submucosal mass at the anterior wall of the gastric antrum. Laparoscopic gastric wedge resection was performed and the lesion was diagnosed as gastric lipoma.

Oncology and Cancer Research
A Case of Type 1 Neurofibromatosis Associated with Multiple Metastatic Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.: Hyo Jin Jang, Sung Ae Koh, Da Eun Jeong, Ji Yoon Jung, Eun Ju Goo, Kyoung Hee Lee, Joon Hyuk Choi, Myung Soo Hyun; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2013;30(2):105-108. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2013.30.2.105

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Abstract PDF: Type 1 neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease, NF-1) is an autosomal-dominant neurocutaneous-disorder characterized by systemic cafe'-au-lait spots, multiple cutaneous neurofibromas, axillary or inguinal freckling, and Lisch nodules (pigmented iris hamartomas). Approximately 10-25% of NF1 patients have gastrointestinal neoplasms. Gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) in patients with neurofibromatosis is most commonly found in the small bowel and the stomach, and approximately 60% of such patients have multiple tumors or multiple tumor sites. Although, the increased incidence of GIST in patients with neurofibromatosis is well documented in pathology literature in English, but has rarely been documented in Korea. Here, we report a case of multiple GISTs in a 48-year-old woman accompanied by NF1. She was admitted to Yeungnam University Hospital with complaints of melena and dyspnea. A contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scan revealed that multiple soft tissue masses were occupying the entire peritoneal cavity. An ultrasonogram- guided biopsy was performed and the tumors were found to have been composed of tumor cells that were positive for c-kit protein. The patient was put on Imatinib mesylate treatment, and further follow-up will be carried out.

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
A Case of Duodenal Brunner's Gland Adenoma Treated by Endoscopic Rescetion.: Sung Joon Kim, Min Geun Gu, Jun Suk Park, Kyeong Ok Kim, Si Hyung Lee, Tae Nyeun Kim, Jun Hyuk Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2011;28(1):84-89. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2011.28.1.84

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Abstract PDF

Brunneroma, also known as Brunner's gland adenoma or harmatoma, is a very rare benign tumor of the duodenum, which is usually asymptomatic, and is discovered incidentally during endoscopic exam. These lesions are most commonly located in the duodenal bulb and clinical manifestations are variable. We report on a case of a large Brunner's gland adenoma in a 54-year-old man, which was successfully removed by endoscopic resection without complications, such as bleeding or perforation. Microscopically, it was composed entirely of variable Brunner's gland.

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Solitary schwannoma of the ascending colon
Myeong Su Chu, Hyun Mo Kang, Hyeong Ju Sun, Dong Min Kim, Hyong Jong Kwak
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2016; 33(1): 37. CrossRef

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
A Case of Gastric Wall Hematoma and Ischemic Necrosis After Endoscopic Biopsy.: You Min Kim, Jin Sung Lee, Dong Hee Kim, Young Ho Sung, Sun Taek Choi, Hyun Tae Kim, Hyun Wook Lee, Keung Ok Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2010;27(2):159-164. Published online December 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2010.27.2.159

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Abstract PDF

Hematoma of gastric wall is very rare, and occasionally associated with coagulopathy, trauma, peptic ulcer disease, and therapeutic endoscopy. Ischemic gastric necrosis is also rare because of the abundant anastomotic supply to the stomach, and it is usually associated with surgery and disruption of the major vessels. Endoscopic submucosal injection of hypertonic saline-epinephrine (HS-E) is a safe, cost-effective, and widely used therapy for hemostasis but it may cause tissue necrosis and perforation. We describe a case of gastric wall hematoma with oozing bleeding after endoscopic gastric mucosa biopsy in 71-year old woman with chronic renal failure and angina pectoris undergoing anti-platelet medication. We injected a small dose of HS-E (7ml) for controlling oozing bleeding. Two days later, endoscopy showed huge ulcer with necrotic tissue at the site of previously hematoma. Therefore we should pay particular attention for hematoma and mucosal necrosis when performing endoscopic procedure in a patients with high bleeding and atherosclerotic risk.

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A Case of Gastric Intramural Hematoma after Endoscopic Injection of Hypertonic Saline-Epinephrine for Hemostasis
Jun Hwa Song, Sin Kil Moon, Seong Deuk Baek, Jae Uk Lee, So Yeon Jung
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2015; 15(1): 64. CrossRef
Gastric Submucosal Hematoma after Endoscopic Hemostasis in Patient with Dual Antiplatelet Therapy
Taeyun Kim, Heung Up Kim, Hyun Joo Song
The Korean Journal of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research.2012; 12(2): 112. CrossRef

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
A Case of Esophageal Bullous Pemphigoid Manifestated by Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: Kyeong Ok Kim, Byung Ik Jang, Jong Ryul Eun, Tae Nyun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S671-675. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S671

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Abstract PDF

Bullous pemphiogid (BP) is a chronic vesicular disorder and an autoimmune disease which has an autoantibodies to hemidesmosime in the keratinocyte. The authors report a case of gastrointestinal bleeding caused by BP involved with esophagus. A seventy year old man visited our clinic due to melena for a week. He had a quadriplegia due to fracture of cervical spine and was on therapy with corticosteroid and immunomodulatory drug for the diagnosis of BP. On endoscopic examination, multiple bullae filled with blood at lower esophagus was revealed and there was no other bleeding focus in stomach and duodenum. Medical treatment for BP with supportive care was done. The patient died due to sepsis caused by pneumonia. BP is common in elderly or poor conditioned patients. We need to consider the invasion of esophagus in case of gastrointestinal bleeding in patients with BP.

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Esophageal Involvement of Bullous Pemphigoid
Junseak Lee, Sanggon Moon, Chul-Hyun Lim
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2021; 78(4): 249. CrossRef

Original Articles

Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine
Comparisons of Gas Analysis in Arterial, Venous and Warmed Venous Blood During Inhalation General Anesthesia: Heung Dae Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S519-526. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S519

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Abstract PDF: Background
：We determine whether venous blood, when sampled under carefully controlled conditions, was an acceptable alternative to arterial blood for the measurement of arterial blood gas analysis during inhalation general anesthesia. Materials and Methods：The arterial blood values of the carbon dioxide tension (PCO₂), pH, base excess (BE), oxygen tension (PO₂) and oxygen saturation (SO₂) were compared with the values of venous blood drawn from the cephalic vein as non controlled routine method and as localized warmed method during inhalation general anesthesia with sevoflurane and N₂O (50%) in 20 cases.
Results
：The blood gas analysis values of non controlled cephalic venous blood were close to those of arterial blood. They was similar between the PCO₂ (42.5 ± 0.97 vs. 38.7 ± 0.92 mmHg), pH (7.35 ± 0.01 vs. 7.39 ± 0.01) and BE (-3.13 ± 0.62 vs. -0.18 ± 0.13 mEq/l) of non controlled cephalic venous and of arterial blood. Although the PO₂ in non controlled cephalic venous blood was significantly less than that in arterial blood(130.8 ± 8.1 vs. 245.3 ± 6.8 mmHg), the difference in SO₂ was small(98.9 ± 2.1 vs. 99.7 ± 0.4%). The blood gas values of warmed cephalic venous blood were more similar to those of arterial blood (PCO₂, 41.2 ± 0.91 vs. 38.7 ± 0.92 mmHg; pH, 7.37 ± 0.01 vs. 7.39 ± 0.01; BE, -2.30 ± 0.62 vs. -0.18 ± 0.13 mEq/l; PO₂, 157.3 ± 11.4 vs. 245.3 ± 6.8 mmHg; SO₂, 99.2 ± 1.3 vs. 99.7 ± 0.4%) than to those of non controlled cephalic venous blood.
Conclusion
：We found that warmed cephalic venous blood during inhalation general anesthesia can be arterialized and PCO₂, pH, BE and SO₂ of warmed cephalic venous blood were not significantly different to those of arterial blood. Therefore we conclude that it is reliable to use localized warmed cephalic venous blood for the measurement of arterial blood gas analysis during inhalation general anesthesia.

Surgery
The Clinical Relevance of Distinguishing pT2 Gastric Cancer According to the Depth of Invasion and a Difference of Prognosis: Se Won Kim, Sun Kyo Song, Sang Woon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S416-423. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S416

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Abstract PDF

Purpose：A difference of a pathologic characteristic in proportion to depth of invasion analyzed in T2 gastric cancer and a difference of depth of invasion examined an influence to lymph node metastasis and prognosis. Materials and Methods：The clinicopathologic outcomes of 432 patients who underwent curative resection for pT2 stage gastric cancers from 1995 to 1999 were reviewed retrospectively. We are compared on lymphatic metastasis, stage distribution, histologic classification, Bormann’s classification, Lauren classification, vessel invasion, lymphatic invasion, neural invasion and 5-year survival rate of pT2 groups(mp vs. ss).
Results
：pT2b(ss) group compare to pT2a(mp) in Lauren classification, ratio of diffused type was higher(p<0.05) and in Bormann classification, infiltration type was higher (p<0.01). Vessel and lymphatic invasion, neural invasion showed significant difference between pT2a(mp) and pT2b(ss) (p<0.01). Difference noted between pT2a(mp) and pT2b(ss) group in a lymph node metastatic rate, degree of a metastasis and stage distribution (p<0.01). On stratifying patients according to depth of invasion, 5-year suvival rate for those with pT2a(mp) group was significantly greater than those with pT2b(ss) group(82.4% vs. 47.4%, respectively: P<0.01). In this study, appeared with the significant prognostic factor in 5-year suvival rate which multivariate analysis, depth of invasion(P<0.05) and lymph node metastasis (P<0.01) that enforced the total gastric cancer patient who had T2 gastric cancer with the object noted, but for patients with accurately staged pN0 group, suvival characteristics were similar for pT2a (mp) and pT2b(ss) gastric cancer (P=0.97).
Conclusion
：The subclassification of pT2 gastric cancer into pT2a(mp) and pT2b(ss) is necessary to demonstrate their different prognosis.

Citations

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The Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of pT2a and pT2b Gastric Cancer
Byoung Hyun Choi, Ji Hoon Kim, Jin Ho Kwak, Hyuck Jae Jang, Myung Sik Han
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society.2009; 77(4): 257. CrossRef

Surgery
Efficacy and Side Effect of Docetaxel Based Chemotherapy as Second-Line Treatment in Recurrent Gastric Cancer: Se Won Kim, Sang Woon Kim, Sun Kyo Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S399-406. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S399

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Abstract PDF: Purpose：To investigate the efficacy and safety of docetaxel based chemotherapy as a secondline treatment in patients with metastatic or recurrent gastric cancer. Materials and Methods：Between January 2001 and March 2007, 28 patients with recurrent or metastatic gastric cancer were enrolled. The administered doses of decetaxel was 75 mg/m² on day 1 and 5, cisplatin 60 mg/m² on day 3, 5-FU 600 mg/m² over 24 hrs on day 1 to day 5, every 4 weeks. The response was assessed every 2 cycles. The toxicities were evaluated for every course of chemotherapy according to National Cancer Institute-common toxicity criteria (NCI-CTC).
Results
：For response rates, 3 (10.7%) partial response, 13 (46.4%) stable disease, and 12 (42.9%) progressive disease, respectively. The overall disease control rate was 57.1%. The median time to progression was 3.0 months (2-8 months). Median overall survival was 8 months (5-11 months). NCI-CTC grade 3 leukocytopenia occurred in 1 cases, grade 3 anemia in 1case and grade 3 nausea/vomiting in 2 cases.
Conclusion
：Docetaxel based chemotherapy has a tolerable efficacy with acceptable toxicities in patients with recurrent gastric cancer as a second-line treatment.

Surgery
Efficacy of Unresectable or Recurred Gastric Cancer Treated with TS-1 Chemotherapy or TS-1/CDDP Combination Chemotherapy: Se Won Kim, Sang Woon Kim, Sun Kyo Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S391-398. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S391

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Abstract PDF: Purpose：Although several chemotherapy regimens used against advanced and recurred gastric cancer have been studied extensively in an attempt to further improve the prognosis of patients, no standard chemotherapeutic regimens have been established. The aim of this study was to determine the anti-tumor efficacy and safety of TS-1 or TS-1 plus cisplatin (CDDP). Materials and Methods：From December 2004 to June 2007, we treated 43 patients with unresectable or recurred gastric cancer either with 80 mg/m2 of TS-1 for 28 days, which was followed by a 2-week rest, or with 80 mg/m² of TS-1 for 28 days and 60 mg/m² of CDDP on day 3 every 6 weeks.
Results
：Tumor response rates in the primary chemotherapy group and in the recurrent group were 46.7% and 21.4%, respectively. The median survival rates in the primary and the recurrent group were 14 months and 8 months, and it was not significantly different. But the one-year survival rates according to the kinds of regimens (TS-1 or TS-1/CDDP group) were significantly different (P=0.0014). The incidences of grade 3 or 4 adverse effects were 18%, respectively.
Conclusion
：The anti-tumor efficacy and safety of TS-1 and TS-1 plus CDDP in unresectable or recurred gastric cancer patients seemed to be high with modest adverse effects, thus suggesting the possible use of this regimen for unresectable or recurred gastric cancer patients.

Review Article

Surgery
Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer: Sun-Kyo Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S125-131. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S125

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Abstract PDF: Curative surgery is the most common and desirable treatment for advanced gastric cancer(AGC), but macroscopically curative resection of AGC dose not always mean a curative outcome. For the tailored management of AGC, accurate preoperative stage are made by using abdominal CT, FDG PET and laparoscopy is necessary. In case of T₃/T₄ lesion, neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(NACR) are effective therapeutic approaches with acceptable toxicity without increasing surgical morbidity and mortality. I recommend the use of a multidisciplinary therapeutic strategy for treatment of AGC. Future applications of newer cytotoxic drugs such as oxaliplatin, capecitabine, irinotecan, and docetaxel or targeted therapies may help to improve the management of AGC.

Original Article

Surgery
The Comparison of Survival Rates of Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapies in The Stage III Gastric Cancer Patients.: Eun Mi Kim, Se Won Kim, Sang Woon Kim, Sun Kyo Song; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2006;23(2):193-204. Published online December 31, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2006.23.2.193

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE: Various postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy regimens have been proposed for the patients with advanced gastric cancer. The majority of clinical trials have shown no significant difference in the survival benefit. The aim of this study was to compare the survival rates of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapies used in stage III gastric cancer patients who received curative gastrectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1990 and 1999, a survival analysis was performed in 260 patients who received curative gastric resection and postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy. The patients were divided into four groups according to the chemotherapeutic regimens received. The groups were: the F group: furtulon alone, FM group: furtulon and mitomycin, FAM group: 5-FU, adriamycin and mitomycin, FLEP group: 5-FU, leucovorin, etoposide and cisplatin. The survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS: There were no differences among the groups of patients with regard to tumor characteristics except for lymph node metastasis and the ratio of metastasis to lymph nodes. In the FLEP group, the ratio of metastasis to lymph nodes was higher than in the other groups. The five and ten year survival rates of F, FM, FAM and FLEP were 51.9%, 28.9%, 59.5%, 49.8%, 66.1%, 57.4% and 30.0%, 27.5%, respectively. The univariate analysis showed that age, Borrmann type, lymph node metastasis, ratio of metastasis to lymph nodes, postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy and recurrence were significant factors for survival. For the multivariate analysis, recurrence, age, Borrmann type, ratio of lymph node metastasis and lymph node dissection were independent prognostic factors; however, the postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy was not an independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: The FAM regimen was the most beneficial postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy for improved survival rates; the FM regimen was the second and the FLEP regimen was the last. In order to determine the effectiveness of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in stage III gastric cancer, well designed prospective studies including a surgery only group will be needed.

Case Report

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Two Cases of Jejunal Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumor Diagnosed by Capsule Endoscope.: Jae Won Choi, Ji Eun Lee, Byung Ik Jang, Tae Nyeun Kim, Sun Kyo Song, Young Kyong Bae; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2006;23(1):131-137. Published online June 30, 2006; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2006.23.1.131

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Abstract PDF: Small bowel tumors have been difficult to diagnose because of low incidence and absence of specific symptoms. There are no efficient and accurate tests available for diagnosis. Capsule endoscopy is an efficient diagnostic tool for small bowel disease and obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. We diagnosed two cases of small bowel gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) diagnosed by capsule endoscopy that were treated by surgery. A 68 year old male presented with abdominal pain. The capsule endoscopy showed fungating ulcer mass at the jejunum. A 55 year female presented with melena. The capsule endoscopy showed an intraluminal protruding mass with a superficial ulcer at the jejunum. Two cases were diagnosed with GIST after surgery. We report these two case diagnosed by capsule endoscopy and review the medical literature.

Original Articles

Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health
Foreign Body in the Gastrointestinal Tract in Children.: Bo Hyeong Lee, Hyun Kyung Lee, Mi Jung Kim, Kwang Hae Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2001;18(1):75-84. Published online June 30, 2001; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2001.18.1.75

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
The accidental swallowing of foreign body is a common problem in the children. Ingested foreign bodies may be managed by endoscopy, observation, or surgery. So we analyzed the methods of removal, type, location and complications of foreign bodies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This report reviewed 37 cases of ingested foreign body in the gastrointestinal tract at the Department of Pediatrics, Yeungnam University Hospital between January 1997 and April 2001. RESULTS: The age ranged from 8 months to 8 years. The most prevalent age group was between 1 year and 2 years of age(19%). The male to female ratio was 2.1:1 with 25 male and 12 female patients. The type of foreign bodies were coins in 20 cases(54%), nail in 4 cases(11%), key in 4 cases(11%), pin in 2 cases(5.5%), necklace in 2 cases(5.5%) and others. The locations of foreign bodies were upper esophagus in 12 cases(32.5%), lower esophagus in 4 cases(10.8%), stomach in 16 cases(43.2%), small bowel in 5 cases(13.5%). 4. Presenting symptoms were variable with asymptomatic (59. 4%) , vomiting (19. 0%) , epigastric pain (8.1%), dysphagia (5. 4%) and others. The methods for removal of foreign bodies included 20 cases of endoscopic removal(54.0%), 3 cases of spontaneous removal(8.1%) and there was no surgical removal. 14 cases(37.9%) did not confirmed removal of foreign body because of no revisit of our hospital. Endoscopic finding of patients were normal(15 cases), ulceration(2 cases), erosion(1 case), inflammation(l case), mucosal scratch(l case). CONCLUSION: It appears that the endoscopic approach is the preferable method for the removal of upper gastrointestinal foreign bodies in the children.

Pharmacology, Drug Therapy, and Toxicology
The Effects of Anticholinesterase Drugs on Gastric Motility.: Hyoung Chul Choi, Jong Ho Kim, Jeoung Hee Ha, Kwang Yoon Lee, Won Joon Kim, Dong Suk Kwak, Sung Hee Kim, Phil Hyun Song, Ji Hyun Yeo; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(2):318-325. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.318

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Anticholinesterase drug inhibits acetylcholinesterase(AChE), induce accumulation of acetylcholine(ACh) near cholinergic receptors and cholinergic stimulation. This experiment was performed to study the effects of anticholinesterase drugs on gastric motility and the effect of ethanal on anticholinesterase drug-induced motility change. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After excision of stomach, 2x10mm circular musele strips were made, which were then fixed to the isolated muscle chamber. An isometric tension transducer was used to measure the contraction change of the gastric smooth muscle strips after drug addition. RESULTS: Fenthion, and irreversible anticholinesterase drug, increased ACh induced contraction of gastric smooth muscle strips and PAM, a cholinesterase activator, antagnized this action. Physostigmine, a reversible anticholinesterase drug, also increased the ACh induced contraction. The gastric motility was decreased by PAM. Ethanol, which is known to induce smooth muscle relaxation, inhibited the increase of contraction by fenthion. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that irreversible and reversible anticholinesterase drugs increase gastric motility and antagonized by cholinesterase activating drugs. And when exposed to both ethanol and anticholinesterase drug, gastric motility was decreased by the smooth muscle relaxation effect by ethanal.

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Gastroesophageal Reflux in Peptic Ulcer Patients.: Joong San Suh, Jong Hyeok Kim, Moon Kwan Chung; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(2):302-308. Published online December 31, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.2.302

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
It is well known fact to the patients of duodenal ulcer that their condition is frequently accompanied with reflux esophagitis. Therefore this condition is called an "acid-related disorder" because it is commonly associated with increased acidity. But there has been disputes on the effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication in these two conditions and whether H. pylori infection may have a protective role in reflux esophagitis. Only few reports have dealt with the prevalence of reflux esophagitis and gastroesophageal reflux in patients with peptic ulcer. The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux and to analyze the pattern ofthe pathologic reflux in peptic ulcer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study population consisted of 57 patients with endoscopically confirmed duodenal and/or gastric ulcer who all underwent 24hr ambulatory esophageal pH monitoring. RESULTS: The prevalnace of gastroesophageal reflux in peptic ulcer patients was 54.2% and 54.5% in gastric ulcer, and 62.5% in duodenal ulcer, 50% in combined ulcer, respectively. The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in the control group was 22.7%. CONCLUSION: We discovered significantly higher prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux in patients with peptic ulcer disease than in those without it. In conclusion, the presence or absence of gastroesophageal reflux must be considered in the setting of peptic ulcer disease management.

Oncology and Cancer Research
The clinical relevance of nm23 protein expression in resected gastric cancer patient.: Sun Kyo Song, Hong Jin Kim, Sang Woon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1999;16(1):43-51. Published online June 30, 1999; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1999.16.1.43

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Abstract PDF: The aim of present study was to elucidate whether the expression of nm23 protein might be of clinical value as prognostic factor in gastric cancer. The expression of nm23 protein was analyzed using immunohistochemical method in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue samples of 76 gastric carcinoma patients. The cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of nm23 protein were detected in 53.9%(41/76). When the immunoreactivity of nm23 protein with TNM status and other histopathologic findings were compared by using Chi-Square test, nm23 was found to have correlations with the lymph node metastasis(p=0.04), the number of metastatic lymph node, and the invasion of lymphatic vessels(p=0.007). But, it has no correlation with TNM status. The conventional prognostic factors such as the depth of invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, Borrmann type, size of tumor, and the curability of operation was found to have strong correlation with the survival time(p<0.003). But, the expression of nm23 protein was not significantly correlated with that in survival analysis. These results showed that the expression of nm23 protein is not a useful prognostic indicator in gastric cancer.

Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine
Study of pH and gas analysis of umbilical arterial blood and apgar score as indicators of newborn health.: Dae Hyun Cho, Mi Na Lee, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Sung Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(1):98-106. Published online June 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.1.98

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Abstract PDF

Apgar score is most widely used evaluating indicator of newborn health, but it is very subjective. Umbilical cord blood gas analysis is more objective and effective than Apgar score in evaluation of newborn status. Cord blood gas was changed slightly by processing of time after fetal birth. This study was undertaken to observe objectiveness and effectiveness of umbilical arterial blood gas analysis and effects of time interval of cord clamping to newborn health with 122 pregnant women and their babies. We observed following results: 1. There were poor correlation between Apgar score and umbilical cord arterial blood analysis in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 2. There was no clinical significance of Apgar score or umbilical arterial blood gas analysis as single indicator in evaluating of newborn health (P>0.05). 3. Gas analysis and pH of umbilical arterial blood was more helpful in evaluating of newborn health than Apgar score. 4. There were no significant effects of time interval of umbilical cord clamping to newborn health. 5. If there were no indications of early umbilical cord clamping, cord blood sampling at immediately after birth without cord clamping was more effective to evaluate newborn status.

Citations

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Assessment of the Value of the Umbilical Cord Blood Gas Parameter as Indicator of the Neonatal Condition
Jeong Min Lee, Hoon Bum Shin, Young Bae Choi, Na Mi Lee, Dae Yong Yi, Sin Weon Yun, Soo Ahn Chae, In Seok Lim
Perinatology.2018; 29(1): 8. CrossRef

Neurology
A clinical study of acute carbon monoxide intoxication.: Kyong Chan Choi, Mee Yeung Park, Jung Sang Hah, Yeung Ju Byun, Choong Suh Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(1):86-97. Published online June 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.1.86

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Abstract PDF: To obtain the basic data of prognosis of acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication, one hundred and sixteen cases of CO intoxication defined by carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and admitted via emergency room of Yeungnam University Hospital from Oct. '85 to April' 89 have been clinically analyzed and evaluated, including delayed postanoxic encephalopathy (DPE) and the following results were obtained. 1. The ratio of male to female was 1:1.5 and mental state was drowsy mostly (26.2% of 116 cases) 2. The more disturbed the mental state, the more decreased was the arterial pH and PaCO₂, which may be the result of metabolic acidosis. 3. The early laboratory findings in patients of CO intoxication were as follows: leukocytosis-65.5%, increase of hematocrit-23.3%, hyperglycemia-19.8%, increase of GPT-19.8% increase of creatinine-0.9% and glucosuria-12.1%. 4. The early findings of EKG were abnormal in 35.3%: change of rhythm-25.0%, abnormal ST segment 15.5% (change of rhythm and abnormal ST segment-5.2%) but the conduction disorder was not present. 5. The abnormal EEG above mild degree was 93.1%, of which moderate was most frequent (80.2%). 6. The incidence of DPE was 7.8% among all admitted CO patients. DPE cases had long duration of exposure time (8 hours), severe leukocytosis (20,000) and an abnormal EEG (MA).

Case Reports

Oncology and Cancer Research
Metastatic eyelid cancer from gastric adenocarcinoma.: Ji Yoon Jung, Eun Joo Goo, Jae Chang Lee, Jay Song, Sung Ae Koh, Kyung Hee Lee, Young Kyung Bae; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2016;33(2):142-145.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2016.33.2.142

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Abstract PDF: Gastric cancer is the most common cancer in Korean males and can easily spread to distant organs such as the liver, lungs, brain, or bones. However, skin metastasis, particularly of the eye, is rare. Metastatic eyelid cancer is extremely rare; metastases from internal organs have not been reported so far. We recently experienced a patient with metastatic eyelid cancer from adenocarcinoma of the stomach. A 62-year-old female was admitted with a right upper eyelid mass and foreign body sensation. She had a history of stomach cancer of 3 years. She was treated by chemotherapy and radiotherapy for pathologic fracture. After receiving supportive care for 2 years, the mass appeared on her right pupil. Punch-biopsy of the mass was performed and histological examination revealed adenocarcinoma, the same as the initial histological result. We report this case with a review of related literature.

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Liver abscess and septic complications associated with advanced gastric cancer.: Gun Jung Youn, Young Choi, Min Jae Kim, Jae Sin Lee, Ui Won Ko, Yeon Ho Joo; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2015;32(1):38-41.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2015.32.1.38

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Abstract PDF

Pyogenic liver abscess with metastatic septic complications is a rare and serious infectious disease if not treated properly. Pyogenic liver abscesses are caused by bacterial, fungal, or parasitic organisms. Escherichia coli used to be the predominant causative agent, but Klebsiella pneumoniae emerged as a major cause in the 1990s. Liver abscesses are caused by hepatic invasion via many routes, such as, the biliary tree, portal vein, hepatic artery, direct extension, or penetrating trauma. Furthermore, diabetes mellitus and malignant conditions are established important risk factors of K. pneumoniae liver abscesses and of septic metastasis, and several recent studies have asserted that K. pneumoniae liver abscess might be a presentation of occult or silent colon cancer. We report a case of K. pneumoniae liver abscess, metastatic septic pulmonary embolism, and endophthalmitis associated with diabetes and advanced gastric cancer.

Citations

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Gastric cancer and adenomatous colorectal polyp concomitant with pyogenic liver abscess and bacteremia
Min Kyu Kang, Hee Jung Kwon, Min Cheol Kim
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2020; 37(3): 246. CrossRef
A Case of Advanced Gastric Cancer Concomitant with Pyogenic Liver Abscess in the Patient with Subtotal Gastrectomy
Dong-Hee Park, Nae-Yun Heo, Heon Sa-Kong, Na-Ri Jeong, Su-Jin Jeong, Sung Jin Oh, Kyung Han Nam
The Korean Journal of Gastroenterology.2017; 69(2): 143. CrossRef

Gastroenterology and Hepatology
Necrotizing enteritis with portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis treated with delayed operation.: Ji Yeon Yoo, Young Wook Yoo, Jihye Kim, Sang Hoon Yoo, Soyoung Ha; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2015;32(1):13-16.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2015.32.1.13

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Abstract PDF: Portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis are uncommon conditions and have been associated with poor prognosis. They are most commonly caused by necrotizing enterocolitis but may have other causes, and they can be associated with necrotizing and ischemic colitis, intra-abdominal abscess, small bowel obstruction, diverticulitis, colon cancer, and acute pancreatitis. With the more frequent use of computed tomography (CT) scans, portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis have been increasingly detected in recent years. Because of its high mortality rate, necrotizing enteritis with portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis may be treated with emergent exploratory laparotomy. We report a case of necrotizing enteritis with portal vein gas and pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis in a 47-year-old man treated with intensive medical management and delayed operation due to unstable condition and surgical mortality. He had good clinical results without complications after the delayed operation.

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