The efficacy of injection sclerotherapy for treatment of acute esophageal variceal bleeding is well established. But several complications of endoscopic sclerotherapy have been reported. One of the complications is mesenteric venous thrombosis which develops when vasopressin is user for the sclerotherapy. We report a case of superior mesenteric venous thrombosis with developed after endoscopic sclerotherapy for control of esophageal variceal bleeding.