Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Hee Sun Kim

12 Articles

Sulfatase 1 mediates the inhibitory effect of angiotensin II type 2 receptor inhibitor on angiotensin II-induced hypertensive mediator expression and proliferation in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats: Hye Young Kim, Hye Ju Cha, Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2017;34(1):43-54. Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2017.34.1.43

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BACKGROUND
Extracellular sulfatases (Sulfs), sulfatase 1 (Sulf1) and sulfatase 2 (Sulf2), play a pivotal role in cell signaling by remodeling the 6-O-sulfation of heparan sulfate proteoglycans on the cell surface. The present study examined the effects of Sulfs on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced hypertensive mediator expression and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) proliferation in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS: Ang II receptors, 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO), and endothelin-1 (ET-1) messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions in SHR VSMCs were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. VSMCs proliferation was determined by [³ H]-thymidine incorporation. RESULTS: Basal Sulfs mRNAs expression and enzyme activity were elevated in SHR VSMCs. However, Sulfs had no effect on the basal or Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 mRNA expression in SHR VSMCs. The inhibition of Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 expression by blockade of the Ang II type 2 receptor (AT₂ R) pathway was not observed in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHR VSMCs. However, Sulf2 did not affect the action of AT₂ R inhibitor on Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 expression in SHR VSMCs. The down-regulation of Sulf1 induced a reduction of AT₂ R mRNA expression in SHR VSMCs. In addition, the inhibition of Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation by blockade of the AT₂ R pathway was mediated by Sulf1 in SHR VSMCs. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that extracellular sulfatase Sulf1 plays a modulatory role in the AT₂ R pathway that leads to an Ang II-induced hypertensive effects in SHR VSMCs.

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Sulfatase 1 mediates IL-10-induced dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 expression and antiproliferative effects in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats
Hye Young Kim, Hee Sun Kim
Cytokine.2021; 137: 155344. CrossRef
Sulfatase 2 mediates, partially, the expression of endothelin-1 and the additive effect of Ang II-induced endothelin-1 expression by CXCL8 in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats
Hye Young Kim, Dae Won Jeong, Hee Sun Kim
Cytokine.2019; 114: 98. CrossRef

The Cytokines: An Overview.: Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2010;27(1):1-7. Published online June 30, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2010.27.1.1

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Abstract PDF

Having an understanding of the properties of cytokines is essential for the immunologist, the researcher and the medical practitioner who need to understand immunologic diseases and immunological therapeutic approaches. Cytokines are redundant in their actions on target cells and promiscuous in their receptor reactions. (ED note: That is some cool use of English!) Moreover, many cells concomitantly produce several cytokines that have overlapping actions. Here this review provides conceptual framework to understand the intriguing aspects of the cytokine system.

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Modulatory Effects of Herbal Medicines Extracts on Cytokine Release in Immune Response of RAW 264.7 and TK-1
Su-kyoung Bae, Se-hee Cho, Tae-kyu Ahn, Jee-in Kim, Bong-hyun Kim, Jae-hwan Lim
The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine.2018; 39(6): 1244. CrossRef
Anti-inflammatory Effect of Angelicae acutilobae Radix Water Extract on LPS-stimulated Mouse Macrophages
Hyo-Sang Han
The Korea Journal of Herbology.2013; 28(6): 129. CrossRef

Differential Expression of Chemokines in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells from Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat and Normotensive Rat: Jung Hae Kim, So Young Park, Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S373-383. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S373

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Abstract PDF: Background
：The action of chemokines to the vascular inflammation plays a pathogenic role in the development and maintenance of hypertension. Materials and methods：In the present study, the expression of chemokine IL-8/CXCL8, MCP-1/CCL2 and RANTES/CCL5 was investigated in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) obtained from the thoracic aorta of normotensive Wister-Kyoto rat (WKY) and spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR). We used real-time PCR and western blotting.
Result
：The expressions of IL-8/CXCL8, and MCP-1/CCL2 mRNA were stronger in VSMC from SHR than in WKY. However, the expression of RANTES/CCL5 was stronger in VSMC from WKY than in SHR. Expressions of CXCR1, CCR2, CD14 and PPARγ mRNA were stronger in VSMC from WKY than in SHR. Expressions of LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 and MCP-1/CCL2 mRNA were stronger in VSMC from SHR, but expression of LPS-induced RANTES/CCL5 was stronger in VSMC from WKY. A PPAR-γ ligand, 15-deoxy-Δ12, 14- prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) which possesses anti-inflammatory activity suppressed the expressions of LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8, MCP-1/CCL2 and RANTES/CCL5 in VSMC from WKY and the expressions of LPS-induced MCP-1/CCL2 and RANTES/CCL5 expressions in SHR. But, the expression of LPS-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA in SHR was increased by 15d- PGJ2. Angiotensin II (AngII) also induced IL-8/CXCL8 and MCP-1/CCL2 mRNA expressions in VSMC from SHR, but inhibited the expression of RANTES/CCL5 mRNA. Activities of LPS, or AngII-induced MAP kinases were stronger in VSMC from SHR than in WKY. Expression of AngII-induced IL-8/CXCL8 mRNA was associated with ERK phathway, and the expression of AngII-induced MCP-1/CCL2 mRNA was associated with p38 pathway, and the inhibition of RANTES/CCL5 mRNA by AngII was not associated with MAP Kinases pathways.
Conclusion
：Chemokine IL-8/CXCL8 and MCP-1/CCL2, not RANTES/CCL5, has a possibility to play a critical role in the pathogenesis of hypertension in the SHR.

Chemokines Expression in Children with a Non-productive Cough.: Young Hwan Lee, Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2):129-136. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2.129

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Abstract PDF: PURPOSE: To evaluate the chemokine expression in children with a non-productive cough. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six children with a non-productive cough who visited Yeungnam University Hospital were evaluated for the mRNA expression of interferon-gamma-inducible protein 10(IP-10), macrophage cationic protein 1 and 3 (MCP-1, 3), interleukin (IL)-8, regulated upon activation in normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES), eotaxin and growth-related oncogene-alpha (Gro-alpha) using the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The chemokines IP-10 and MCP-3 were expressed in all samples. The chemokine RANTES was expressed in five cases, and IL-8 was expressed in three among them. However, eotaxin, Gro-alpha and MCP-1 were not expressed at all. The expression of chemokine MCP-3, RANTES and IL-8 were suppressed after the resolution of coughing in just one available case. CONCLUSION: The chemokines MCP-3, RANTES and IL-8 may contribute to airway inflammation in children with a non-productive cough, whereas IP-10 is of secondary importance in this condition.

Upregulation of IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA Expression by Interleukin-18.: Hyo Young Kim, Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(1):67-78. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.1.67

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is one of the principal inducers of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in lymphocytes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The effect of IL-18 on the expression of chemokine IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA in C57BL/6 mouse peritoneal macrophages was studied by using Northern blot analysis, enzyme linked immunosobent assay and electrophoretic mobility shift assay. RESULTS: IL-18 was determined to exert no direct effect on the expression of IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA. However, IL-18 pretreatment was determined to play a cooperative role in the synergistic induction of LPS-induced IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA expression. The effect associated with IL-18 pretreatment with regard to the synergistic induction of LPS-induced IP-10 (CXCL10) mRNA expression was detected after 16 hr of IL-18 pretreatment, administered prior to LPS stimulation. The pattern of NF-kB binding activity during IL-18 pretreatment with LPS stimulation was found to coincide with the expression of IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA. CONCLUSION: Although IL-18 alone exerts no direct effect on the expression of chemokine IP-10(CXCL10), a definite period of IL-18 pretreatment induces the synergistic expression of LPS-induced IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA. NF-kB activation is a component of this synergistic effect of IL-18 pretreatment. These results provide useful information, which may facilitate the elucidation of the action mechanisms underlying IL-18 effect on the expression of IP-10(CXCL10) mRNA.

The Analysis of the Cytokine Expression in Musculoskeletal Tumors.: Joon Han Lee, Eun Seok Kwak, Oog Jin Shon, Hee Sun Kim, Duk Seop Shin; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2003;20(2):187-196. Published online December 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2003.20.2.187

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Abstract PDF: The cytokines are the hormone-like proteins, which are produced in the mononuclear cells. They have many roles, such as immune mediators, cell differentiations, angiogenesis. The chemokines have chemotactic effects which control the host immune response. There were few reports about the cytokines associated with musculoskeletal tumors. From late 1980s, the cytokine studies of bone tumors such as osteosarcoma were started, but most studies for benign and malignant musculoskeletal tumors were left to be explored. To evaluate the characteristics of the cytokines in variable musculoskeletal tumors, tissues were obtained from the seven patients who visited the Yeungnam University hospital from February to July 2000. They were lipoma (1 case), parosteal osteoma (1 case), enchondroma (2 cases), pigmented villonodular synovitis (1 case), ganglion (1 case), and metastaic squamous cell carcinoma (1 case). The gene experession of the cytokines were analyzed by RNase protection assay (RPA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The lipoma and parosteal osteoma expressed MIP-1beta, and IP-10 genes. The two enchondromas showed different results, one expressed all of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta and IP-10 genes but the other expressed none of above. The pigmented villonodular synovitis strongly expressed MIP-1alpha and IP-10 when compared with the other cases. The ganglion did not express all of the chemokines mentioned above. And the metastatic squamous cell carcinoma expressed all of the chemokines and especially IP-10 was highly expressed. Even though this study has only a few cases, these results provide a basis for the cytokine mediating network study in musculoskeletal tumors.

Effect of Leptin on the Expression of Chemokine Genes in THP-1 Cells.: Jin Hee Choi, Ho Sun Park, Tae Yoon Lee, Sung Kwang Kim, Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2003;20(2):129-141. Published online December 31, 2003; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2003.20.2.129

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Leptin is a 16-KDa non-glycosylated peptide hormone synthesized almost exclusively by adipocytes. The well-known function of leptin is regulation of food intake and energy expenditure. Leptin also plays a regulatory role in immune and inflammatory process including cytokine production. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of leptin on the expression of several chemokine genes(RANTES, IL-8, MCP-1, IP-10, Mig, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and GRO-alpha) in THP-1 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Total RNA of THP-1 cells were prepared by Trizol method, and then stimulated with the leptin(250 ng/microliter) or LPS(100 ng/microliter). We examined the expression patterns of various chemokine mRNAs in THP-1 cell lines by RT-PCR and Northern blot. RESULTS: Leptin did not induce the expression of chemokine mRNAs in THP-1 cells. The expression patterns of RANTES, IL-8, MCP-1, IP-10, and Mig mRNAs in THP-1 cells stimulated with leptin and LPS simultaneously was almost same to the patterns of LPS alone-induced chemokine mRNAs. RANTES mRNA expression was independent on the concentrations of leptin. Although leptin did not have strong effect on the expression of RANTES, IL-8, MCP-1, IP-10, Mig, MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and GRO-alpha mRNAs in THP-1 cells, leptin could induce the expression of long isoform of leptin receptor(OB-RL) mRNA, and its expression was elevated in simultaneous stimulation of leptin and LPS. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that leptin is able to induce OB-RL in THP-1 cells, however, leptin has little effect on the expression of pro-inflammatory chemokine genes.

The effect of interleukin-10 on KC gene expression in mouse peritoneal macrophages.: Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1998;15(1):47-54. Published online June 30, 1998; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1998.15.1.47

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Abstract PDF: Interleukin-10(IL-10) inhibits production of a wide range of cytokines in various cell types and transcriptionally inhibits lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced expression of proinflammatory mediators. Cytokine expression by macrophages is an important aspect to ochestrate inflammatory responses. As an approach to identify mechanistic targets of IL-10, it was examined the time course for expression of KC(murine homologue of Gro) gene in murine peritoneal macrophages stimulated with LPS with or without IL-10. The effect of IL-10 on LPS induced KC mRNA expression was delayed and only seen after 1 hour treatment. Pretreatment with IL-10 did not eliminate the delayed inhibitory response nor increase the magnitude of suppression. These effects did not depend upon time of IL-10 treatment but the time of LPS treatment. LPS-induced KC mRNA expression by inhibitoy action of IL-10 was not controlled at the level of transcription. The result indicates that IL-10 acts late in the process of KC gene expression and that the prominant site of action may be mRNA stability or translation.

Comparison of the E-test with agar dilution susceptibility test by using bacteroides fragilis.: Hee Sun Kim, Sung Kwang Kim, Hwa Sun Cha; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1993;10(1):135-143. Published online June 30, 1993; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1993.10.1.135

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Abstract PDF: The susceptibilities of 45 clinical isolates of bacteroidis fragilis to cefaclor, ciproflxacin and imipenem were determined by new method, E-test (AB Bidisk, Solna, Sweden) and were compared with those from conventional agar dilution method by using brain heart infusion, Mueller-Hinton and Wilk:..s Chalgren agar plates. And the susceptibility of 60 clinical isolates of bacteroides fragilis group (B. fragilis 45 strains, B. distasonis 6 strains, B. ovatus 5 strains, B. thetaiotaomicron 4 strains) to 5 quinolones (ciprofloxacin, enoxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, pefloxacin) were determined by in vitro agar dilution method. Compared with agar dilution MICs for B. fragilis 45 strains, 90.3% of E-test MICs were within +/- 1 dilution of the agar dilutions, and 98.4% were within 2 dilutions. And there were little effect of different medium bases to determine MICs except Mueller-Hinton agar. On Mueller-Hinton agar, B. fragilis showed have or no growth activity. In vitro susceptibility of B. fragilis group to quinolones, most of the test strains showed resistant patterns to quinolones except ofloxacin and there was little difference of susceptibility patterns between species of B. fragilis group.

Antibacterial effects of immunoglobulin alone and in combination with ciprofloxacin against pseudomonas aeruginosa.: Yeul Oh Sung, Hee Sun Kim, Tai Il Jeon, Sung Kwang Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1991;8(1):53-62. Published online June 30, 1991; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1991.8.1.53

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Abstract PDF: Experiments were performed in mice (Balb/C) to support the basic efficacy of the human immunoglobulin (IgG) preparation. The antibacterial activity of IgG purified from human sera was examined with or without the quinolone agent, ciprofloxacin (CPFX), against Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens. Results were as follows: Antibacterial activities in terms of percentage of survivors, after administration of Ps. aeruginosa into mouse intraperitoneal cavity were in the following order, single IgG group, CPFX administration after IgG pretreatment group, IgG and CPFX combined administration group and CPFX alone group. The number of living bacteria was monitored in blood and liver tissue of mice infected with Ps. aeruginosa and treated by IgG administration. The increase of living bacteria in liver was more drastic than that in blood. Leukocytosis was observed in mice injected with IgG, excluding those only with ciprofloxacin, after 8 hours of administration to see a decrease to normal number of bacteria after 18 hours. No significant difference was noticed between pretreatment group and post treatment group. In vitro susceptibility test of IgG against Ps. aeruginosa, minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 250 µg/ml, resistant to IgG, regardless of a combined administration with CPFX. In vitro test revealed that the IgG itself did not have anti-Ps. aeruginosa activity.

Antibacterial Activity of Ceftizoxime Against Gram Negative Enteric Bacteria in vitro and in vivo.: Woo Mok Byun, Jae Chun Chang, Bok Hwan Park, Hee Sun Kim, Sung Kwang Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1989;6(1):59-68. Published online June 30, 1989; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1989.6.1.59

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Abstract PDF: Ceftizoxime sodium is a new synthetic β-lactam antibiotic combining potent antibacterial activity with high stability to a wide range of bacterial β-lactamase. This experiment was achieved to evaluate the antibacterial activities of ceftizoxime sodium against. Gram negative enteric bacteria isolated from in outpatient visiting Yeungnam university hospital and to study the emergence of drug induced bacterial variants which resist to ceftizoxime in vitro. The antibacterial activity of the ceftizoxime was compared with that of antibiotics and its effect on population of normal intestinal flora in mice was observed. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Highly effective antibacterial activity of ceftizoxime against Gram negative enteric bacilli was demonstrated and this antibacterial activity was superior to that of ampicillin. 2. Several test strains shows multiple antibiotic resistance. Among 15 strains of Escherichia coli, 1 strain was resistant to ampicillin, cefadroxil, gentamicin, tetracycline, and 2 strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefadroxil, tetracycline, five strains of Escherichia coli and Enterobacter cloacae was resistant to ampicillin, tetracycline and Shigella dysenteriae was resistant to ampicillin, gentamicin, tetracycline. 3. The frequency of in vitro emergence of resistant variants among ceftizoxime sensitive bacteria in the presence of increasing concentrations of the compound was found to be low. 4. Plasmid was isolated in 6 of 9 strains (6 strains of Escherichia coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Enterobacter cloacae and Salmonella typhi). That showed different antibiotic resistance. They were 5 strains of Escherichia coli and 1 strain of Shigella dysenteriae. However, plasmid could not be considered as a hallmark for antibiotic resistance by this Further studies with curing experiment are to be accomplished for this purpose. 5. Changes in the bacterial count of normal intestinal flora following 25 mg/kg/day administration of ceftizoxime over 5 consecutive days were not significant. In conclusion, ceftizoxime appeared to be a drug of choice in the treatment of Gram negative enteric bacilli infection.

Transfer of Drugs Resistancy in Staphylococci.: Jae Kyu Chung, Sung Kwang Kim, Hee Sun Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1987;4(2):15-21. Published online December 31, 1987; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1987.4.2.15

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

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