Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original article

Association between dental amalgam restoration and urine mercury concentrations among young women: a cross-sectional study: Su-Bin Park, Eun-Kyong Kim, Joon Sakong, Eun Young Park; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(4):373-380. Published online March 21, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2022.00955

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Abstract PDF: Background
The association between dental amalgam fillings and urine mercury concentrations was investigated in this study to assess the health risks associated with dental amalgams.
Methods
This cross-sectional study included 99 women in their 20s who visited the dental clinic in Daegu, Korea. The 99 participants were composed of 68 subjects who had dental amalgam fillings (exposure group) and 31 subjects who did not have dental amalgam fillings (nonexposure group). Oral examinations were conducted by a single dental hygienist, sociodemographic features were investigated as confounding variables, and urine mercury concentrations were measured using an automatic mercury analyzer.
Results
The mean±standard deviation of the urine mercury concentrations of the exposure and nonexposure groups were 1.50±1.78 μg/g creatinine and 0.53±0.63 μg/g creatinine, respectively. The exposure group showed significantly higher levels than the nonexposure group (p<0.01). The urine mercury concentration significantly increased with an increase in the number of teeth filled with amalgam, cavity surfaces involved, and number of defective amalgam fillings, and according to the latest exposure time (p<0.001). In the multiple regression analysis of amalgam-related factors and urine mercury concentrations after correction for confounding factors, the urine mercury concentration in the group with six or more amalgam-filled teeth, 11 or more cavity surfaces, and two or more defective amalgams was significantly higher than that in the nonexposure group (p<0.001).
Conclusion
According to this study, exposure to dental amalgams was confirmed to significantly affect urine mercury concentrations.

Original Articles

A comparison of 0.075% and 0.15% of ropivacaine with fentanyl for postoperative patient controlled epidural analgesia after laparoscopic gynecologic surgery: Hyun Chul Jung, Hyo Jung Seo, Deok Hee Lee, Sang Jin Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2017;34(1):37-42. Published online June 30, 2017; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2017.34.1.37

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
A motor blockade of lower limbs interferes with early ambulation and limits the usefulness of patient-controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA). The concentration of local anesthetic solution is a major determinant for motor block with PCEA. We compared the effects of epidural infusion of 0.075% ropivacaine with 0.15% epidural ropivacaine on postoperative analgesia, motor block of lower limbs, and other side effects. METHODS: A total of 70 patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecologic surgery received epidural infusions (group R1, 0.15% ropivacaine with fentanyl; group R2, 0.075% ropivacaine with fentanyl). Pain score, motor block, and side effects (hypotension, nausea, vomiting, pruritus, urinary retention, dizziness, and numbness) were measured. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the demographic profiles between the groups. Pain scores of the group R1 and the group R2 were not significantly different. Motor block was more frequent in the group R1 (0.15% ropivacaine with fentanyl) than in the group R2 (0.075% ropivacaine with fentanyl). CONCLUSION: Lower concentration of ropivacaine (0.075%), when compared with higher concentration of ropivacaine (0.15%), seemed to provide similar analgesia with less motor blockade of the lower limbs for the purpose of PCEA.

Interpretation of Antibiotics Susceptibility Test According to Antimicrobial Concentration in Tissues: Chae Hoon Lee, Hee Soon Cho; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S430-442. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S430

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Abstract PDF: Background
：It is important to select appropriate antimicrobials for the treatment of infection according to the results of antibiotic susceptibility test(AST). AST interprets as susceptible, resistant or intermediate on the base of breakpoints of Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute(CLSI), but do not take into account the antimicrobial concentrations of variable tissues. As different tissues have different distributions of antimicrobials, it is necessary to interpret AST according to the tissue concentration. Thereby we intend to evaluate the usefulness of interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility depending on tissue distribution of antimicrobials. Materials and Methods：Gram negative bacilli that isolated from clinical specimens in Yeungnam University Hospital from August to September, 2007 were evaluated retrospectively. The data of blood concentration and tissue distribution of antibiotics with variable administration route and dosage were collected and arranged in the forms of previous reported data and regarded as resistant if minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) is higher than the expected concentration of each tissues.
Results
：Among the data reported as susceptible, aztreonam, imipenem and ciprofloxacin were relatively good relationship with AST. But, ampicillin, ticarcillin, cefazolin and cefotaxime of sputum or bronchial secretion were less effective with high MIC of organism. Gentamicin and amikacin also were shown as less effective in respiratory tissues and wound with high MIC of oganism.
Conclusion
：As different tissues have different antimicrobial concentrations for identical antimicrobial, more informations on antimicrobial tissue distribution is needed for appropriate treatment in infection. Reporting of MIC should be considered for selection of antimicrobials rather than AST with breakpoints. Therefore interpretation of AST considering tissue concentration is more helpful for prevention of major error and control of infection.

Antimycotic susceptibility testing of trichophyton rubrum by microculture method.: Moo Woong Lee, Jong Chul Kim, Jong Soo Choi, Ki Hong Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(2):396-406. Published online December 31, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.2.396

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Abstract PDF: Various susceptibility tests have been used to determine minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of dermatophytes. They have limitations to apply practically because they need long time to determine MiC. Authors examined MIC of T. rubrum to ketoconazole and itraconazole using 96- well microplate and 24-well macroplate by method of Granade and Artis and tried to check the possibility of this method on clinical application. Nine strains of T. rubrum from patients with dermatophytosis were used. Evaluations of the factors affecting MIC were also tried. The results as follows. 1. Effect of inoculation density on determination time and MIC: Determination of MIC were possible in 4th days after inoculation at higher inoculation density (aborbance 2.0, 1.0) compared to 6th days at lower inoculation density (absorbance 0.5, 0.25). 2. Effect of incubation temperature on MIC: When incubating at 37℃, MIC were below 0.006-0.04µg/ml to ketoconazole and below 0.006-0.04µg/ml to itraconazole while at 25℃ 0.08-5.68µ8/ml to ketoconazole and 0.006-0.71µg/ml to itraconazole. Significant reduction of MIC was observed at 37℃ compared to 25℃. 3. Effect of container size on determination time and MIC: When incubating in 96–well microplate and 24-well macroplate, determination of MIC was possible in 4th to 6th days after inoculation in broth-containig 96-well microplate compared to 8th to 12th days in broth-containing 24-well macroplate. But no difference in MIC was observed between different container size. 4. Effect of media on MIC: When using broth as media, MIC were below 0.006-5.68µg/ml to ketoconazole, below 0.006-0.36µg/ml to itraconazole in broth-containg 24-well macroplate. When using agar as media, MIC were below 0.006-5.68 µg/ml to ketoconazole, below 0.006-5.68 µg/ ml to itraconazole in agar-containing 24-well macroplate. 5. These findings confirm that determination of MIC of dermatophtes by method of Granade and Artis is fast and simple technique for antifungal susceptibility test.

Association between cancer and selenium concentration in blood and toenails.: Jung Kil Rhee, Jong Hak Chung, Jun Sakong, Pock Soo Kang, Chang Yoon Kim, Kyeong Soo Lee, Koing Bo Kwon; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 1992;9(1):29-43. Published online June 30, 1992; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.1992.9.1.29

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Abstract PDF

A case-control study was conducted to investigate the association between the risk of cancer and selenium concentration in blood and toenails. Seventy three patients and two hundreds eighty three controls were selected at the Yeungnam University Hospital between May and September in 1991. The selected cases were patients who had been hospitalized for stomach or colon cancer at the Department of General Surgery. The controls were people who visited to check physical examination at the Automated Mediscreening Center. The selenium concentration in whole blood and toenails were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer equipped with graphite furnace atomizer. The following information was ascertained for all cancer patients and controls: sex, age, body mass index, blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, and history of smoking and drinking. The mean selenium concentration in blood and toenail for all cancer patients were 143.6±10.8 µg/l and 1.04±0.62 µg/g and for the controls. 167.0±14.5 µg/l and 1.15±0.55 µg/g, respectively. The difference in blood and toenail selenium concentrations of the two cancer sites was not statistically significant. Metastasis did not influence the concentration of selenium in blood and toenails. In the multiple logistic regression analysis, the blood selenium concentration (aOR: 0.888, 95% CI: 0.860-0.918), age, BMI and total serum cholesterol were significant variables for risk of cancer, but the selenium concentration in toenail was not shown to be a significant variable in this regression analysis. The coefficient for blood selenium concentration adjusted for age, sex, diastolic blood pressure, total serum cholesterol, body mass index and smoking was -0.1184 (p<0.01). These findings suggest that low selenium concentration is associated with gastrointestinal cancers. Further epidemiologic studies including important variables such as other antioxidant micronutrients will be necessary.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Clinical Correlation between Gastric Cancer Type and Serum Selenium and Zinc Levels
Jae Hyo Ji, Dong Gue Shin, Yujin Kwon, Dong Hui Cho, Kyung Bok Lee, Sang Soo Park, Jin Yoon
Journal of Gastric Cancer.2012; 12(4): 217. CrossRef

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