Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original articles

Comparison of serum anti-Müllerian hormone between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas during follicular, luteal, and random menstrual phases: a retrospective study: Juhun Lee, Jong Mi Kim, Gun Oh Chong, Dae Gy Hong, Yoon Hee Lee; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2023;40(Suppl):S65-S72. Published online September 22, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/jyms.2023.00661

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Background
Over the last two decades, serum levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) have been shown to be reliable markers of ovarian reserve. This study aimed to compare baseline serum AMH levels and well-controlled clinical factors between patients with unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas during the menstrual phase.
Methods
We conducted a retrospective study. We enrolled 136 patients aged 18 to 36 years who were diagnosed with unilateral or bilateral ovarian endometriomas. Serum AMH levels of all patients and their latest two to three menstrual cycles were measured before surgery for ovarian endometriomas. The latest menstrual cycle length ranged from 26 to 30 days. Patients with irregular menstruation, a recent medication history of hormonal drugs other than oral contraceptive pills, a previous history of ovarian surgery, or any medical history influencing ovarian function were excluded.
Results
Of the 136 patients, 76 (55.9%) had unilateral ovarian endometriomas and 60 (44.1%) had bilateral ovarian endometriomas. Serum AMH levels were not significantly different between the two groups in the follicular phase, luteal phase, or at any random time point.
Conclusion
Serum AMH levels were not significantly different between unilateral and bilateral ovarian endometriomas in the follicular and luteal phases, or at any random time during the menstrual cycle when various confounding factors were excluded.

Citations

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The Relationship Between Serum Anti-Müllerian Hormone and Basal Antral Follicle Count in Infertile Women Under 35 Years: An Assessment of Ovarian Reserve
Ummey Nazmin Islam, Anwara Begum, Fatema Rahman, Md. Ahsanul Haq, Santosh Kumar, Kona Chowdhury, Susmita Sinha, Mainul Haque, Rahnuma Ahmad
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef

Magnetic resonance imaging texture analysis for the evaluation of viable ovarian tissue in patients with ovarian endometriosis: a retrospective case-control study: Dayong Lee, Hyun Jung Lee; J Yeungnam Med Sci. 2022;39(1):24-30. Published online July 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.01165

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Abstract PDF: Background
Texture analysis has been used as a method for quantifying image properties based on textural features. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) texture analysis for the evaluation of viable ovarian tissue on the perfusion map of ovarian endometriosis.
Methods
To generate a normalized perfusion map, subtracted T1-weighted imaging (T1WI), T1WI and contrast-enhanced T-WI with sequences were performed using the same parameters in 25 patients with surgically confirmed ovarian endometriosis. Integrated density is defined as the sum of the values of the pixels in the image or selection. We investigated the parameters for texture analysis in ovarian endometriosis, including angular second moment (ASM), contrast, correlation, inverse difference moment (IDM), and entropy, which is equivalent to the product of area and mean gray value.
Results
The perfusion ratio and integrated density of normal ovary were 0.52±0.05 and 238.72±136.21, respectively. Compared with the normal ovary, the affected ovary showed significant differences in total size (p<0.001), fractional area ratio (p<0.001), and perfusion ratio (p=0.010) but no significant differences in perfused tissue area (p=0.158) and integrated density (p=0.112). In comparison of parameters for texture analysis between the ovary with endometriosis and the contralateral normal ovary, ASM (p=0.004), contrast (p=0.002), IDM (p<0.001), and entropy (p=0.028) showed significant differences. A linear regression analysis revealed that fractional area had significant correlations with ASM (r2=0.211), IDM (r2=0.332), and entropy (r2=0.289).
Conclusion
Magnetic resonance texture analysis could be useful for the evaluation of viable ovarian tissues in patients with ovarian endometriosis.

Review article

Classification of endometriosis: Soo-Young Lee, Yu-Jin Koo, Dae-Hyung Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(1):10-18. Published online August 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00444

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Abstract PDF

Endometriosis is a chronic disease associated with pelvic pain and infertility. Several classification systems for the severity of endometriosis have been proposed. Of these, the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine classification is the most well-known. The ENZIAN classification was developed to classify deep infiltrating endometriosis and focused on the retroperitoneal structures. The endometriosis fertility index was developed to predict the fertility outcomes in patients who underwent surgery for endometriosis. Finally, the American Association of Gynecological Laparoscopists classification is currently being developed, for which 30 endometriosis experts are analyzing and researching data by assigning scores to categories considered important; however, it has not yet been fully validated and published. Currently, none of the classification systems are considered the gold standard. In this article, we review the classification systems, identify their pros and cons, and discuss what improvements need to be made to each system in the future.

Citations

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Case report

Recurrent hemoptysis in a 26-year-old woman with a ground-glass opacity lesion of the lung: Jong Ha Kim, Sin-Youl Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2020;37(1):59-62. Published online September 4, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00304

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Abstract PDF

Hemoptysis is a major reason for emergency department (ED) visits. Catamenial hemoptysis (CH), a rare condition of thoracic endometriosis, can cause recurrent hemoptysis but is difficult to diagnose in the ED due to the scarcity of cases and nonspecific clinical findings. We report a case of a 26-year-old woman who presented to the ED with recurrent hemoptysis since 2 years without a definite cause. Her vital signs and blood test findings were unremarkable. Chest computed tomography (CT) did not show any specific lesions other than a non-specific ground-glass opacity pattern in her right lung. She was on day 4 of her menstrual cycle and her hemoptysis frequently occurred during menstruation. Although there was no histological confirmation, based on her history of hemoptysis during menstruation and no other cause of the hemoptysis, the patient was tentatively diagnosed with CH and was administered gonadotropin-releasing hormone. She had no recurrence of hemoptysis for 3 months. While CH is difficult to diagnose in the ED, the patient’s recurrent hemoptysis related to menstruation was a clue to the presence of CH. Therefore, physicians should determine the relationship between hemoptysis and menstruation for women of childbearing age presenting with repeated hemoptysis without a definite cause.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Thoracic Endometriosis: A Review Comparing 480 Patients Based on Catamenial and Noncatamenial Symptoms
Nura Fitnat Topbas Selcuki, Salih Yilmaz, Cihan Kaya, Taner Usta, Ahmet Kale, Engin Oral
Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology.2022; 29(1): 41. CrossRef
Characteristics and Outcomes of a Sample of Patients With COVID-19 Identified Through Social Media in Wuhan, China: Observational Study
Dong Liu, Yuyan Wang, Juan Wang, Jue Liu, Yongjie Yue, Wenjun Liu, Fuhai Zhang, Ziping Wang
Journal of Medical Internet Research.2020; 22(8): e20108. CrossRef
Cyclical Hemoptysis and Pelvic Pain in a Young Female: A Sign of Thoracic Endometriosis Syndrome
Areeg Bala, Raghda A Salim, Smit Deliwala, Michele Obeid, Ghassan Bachuwa
Cureus.2020;[Epub] CrossRef

Case Reports

A Case of Pleural Endometriosis Presented as Right Sided Hemothorax in a Patient Who Underwent Kidney Transplantation.: Eun Hye Shin, Bo Mi Shin, Yeon Jung Ha, Il Young Jang, Ji Won Jung, Hyung Jin Cho, Su Kil Park; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2013;30(2):145-148. Published online December 31, 2013; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2013.30.2.145

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Abstract PDF: Thoracic endometriosis is an uncommon disease that has four main forms: catamenial pneumothorax, hemothorax, hemoptysis, and pulmonary nodules. Since the growth of endometrial tissue depends on the presence of estrogen, thoracic endometriosis usually occurs in menstruating women between 25 and 35 years of age. Menstrual disturbances are common in women with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, they could be reversed after kidney transplantation. Therefore, previously asymptomatic endometriosis may become symptomatic after kidney transplantation. A 49-year-old woman with CKD underwent kidney transplantation. A month later, she experienced dyspnea, and hemothorax in her right hemithorax. However, there was no evidence of infectious diseases and malignancy in thoracentesis, pleural biopsy, and computed chest tomography (CT). The serum and pleural fluid levels of his carbohydrate antigen 125 were elevated. Hemothorax secondary to pleural endometriosis was suspected. We tried hormonal therapy, and the hemothorax disappeared. At the sixth-month follow-up, there was no recurrence of hemothorax.

Two Cases of Extrapelvic endometriosis following Laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy and Cesarean section.: Jei Jun Bae, Mi Sun Lim, Min Whan Koh, Tae Hyung Lee, Mi Jin Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(1):91-96. Published online June 30, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.1.91

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Abstract PDF

Extrapelvic endometriosis is a rare disease. The majority of extrapelvic endometriosis cases involve scar tissue following obstetric and gynecologic procedures. We have treated two cases of extrapelvic incisional endometriosis. A 39 year old female patient with cyclic vaginal spotting after laparoscopic assisted vaginal hysterectomy due to uterine myoma and a 35 year old female patient with a painful palpable abdominal mass after cesarean section. Both underwent complete excision and were proven to have endometriosis by pathology. Here we report on both cases and review the medical literatures.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

A Case of Pleural Endometriosis Presented as Right Sided Hemothorax in a Patient Who Underwent Kidney Transplantation
Eun-Hye Shin, Bo-Mi Shin, Yeon-Jung Ha, Il-Young Jang, Ji-Won Jung, Hyung-Jin Cho, Su-Kil Park
Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine.2013; 30(2): 145. CrossRef

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