Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Volume 38(3); July 2021

Review articles

Breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL): Jun-Ho Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):175-182. Published online January 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00801

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Breast implant-associated anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma characterized as CD30 positive and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) negative. In 2016, the World Health Organization declared BIA-ALCL as a new disease entity. The first case of BIA-ALCL was reported in 1997, and as of July 2019, the United States Food and Drug Administration had cited a total of 573 United States and global medical device reports of BIA-ALCL, including 33 deaths. In all clinical case reports, except for those with unknown clinical history, the patient had received at least one textured surface breast implant. Although the etiology is not yet clear, chronic inflammation has been proposed as a potential precursor to tumorigenesis. The most common presentation of BIA-ALCL is peri-implant fluid collection following aesthetic or reconstructive implantation with textured surface breast implants. It can be accompanied by breast swelling, asymmetry, pain, skin lesions, lymphadenopathy, and B-type symptoms. Most cases are detected on average 7 to 10 years after implantation. Diagnostic specimens can be obtained with fine-needle aspiration or biopsy. BIA-ALCL is CD30 positive, epithelial membrane antigen positive, and ALK negative. It can be cured with complete surgical excision at the T1–T3 stage.

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Lactate: a multifunctional signaling molecule: Tae-Yoon Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):183-193. Published online February 18, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00892

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Abstract PDF

Since its discovery in 1780, lactate has long been misunderstood as a waste by-product of anaerobic glycolysis with multiple deleterious effects. Owing to the lactate shuttle concept introduced in the early 1980s, a paradigm shift began to occur. Increasing evidence indicates that lactate is a coordinator of whole-body metabolism. Lactate is not only a readily accessible fuel that is shuttled throughout the body but also a metabolic buffer that bridges glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation between cells and intracellular compartments. Lactate also acts as a multifunctional signaling molecule through receptors expressed in various cells and tissues, resulting in diverse biological consequences including decreased lipolysis, immune regulation, anti-inflammation, wound healing, and enhanced exercise performance in association with the gut microbiome. Furthermore, lactate contributes to epigenetic gene regulation by lactylating lysine residues of histones, accounting for its key role in immune modulation and maintenance of homeostasis.

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Psychiatric understanding and treatment of patients with amputations: So-Hye Jo, Suk-Hun Kang, Wan-Seok Seo, Bon-Hoon Koo, Hye-Geum Kim, Seok-Ho Yun; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):194-201. Published online May 11, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.00990

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Abstract PDF

Amputation changes the lives of patients and their families. Consequently, the patient must adapt to altered body function and image. During this adaptation process, psychological problems, such as depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder, can occur. The psychological difficulties of patients with amputation are often accepted as normal responses that are often poorly recognized by patients, family members, and their primary physicians. Psychological problems can interfere with rehabilitation and cause additional psychosocial problems. Therefore, their early detection and treatment are important. A multidisciplinary team approach, including mental health professionals, is ideal for comprehensive and biopsychosocial management. Mental health professionals could help patients set realistic goals and use adaptive coping styles. Psychiatric approaches should consider the physical, cognitive, psychological, social, and spiritual functions and social support systems before and after amputation. The abilities and limitations of physical, cognitive, psychological, and social functions should also be considered. To improve the patient’s adaptation, psychological interventions such as short-term psychotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness meditation, biofeedback, and group psychotherapy can be helpful.

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Original articles

Personal experience with microvascular decompression and partial sensory rhizotomy for trigeminal neuralgia: Jung Hwan Lee, Jae Meen Lee, Chang Hwa Choi; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):202-207. Published online November 23, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00745

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Abstract PDF

Background
Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is a severe, paroxysmal pain in the distribution of the fifth cranial nerve. Microvascular decompression (MVD) is the most widely used surgical treatment for TN. We undertook this study to analyze the effects of and complications of MVD and to refine the surgical procedure for treating TN.
Methods
A total of 88 patients underwent for TN underwent surgery at our hospital. Among them, 77 patients underwent MVD alone, and 11 underwent partial sensory rhizotomy (PSR) with or without MVD. The medical records of these patients were retrospectively analyzed for patient characteristics, clinical results, offending vessels, and complications if any.
Results
The mean follow-up duration was 43.2 months (range, 3–216 months). The most common site of pain was V2+V3 territory (n=27), followed by V2 (n=25) and V3 (n=23). The most common offending vessels were the superior cerebellar artery and anterior inferior cerebellar artery in that order. The overall rate of postoperative complications was 46.1%; however, most complications were transient. There were two cases of permanent partial hearing disturbance. In the MVD alone group, the cure rate was 67.5%, and the improvement rate was 26.0%. Among 11 patients who underwent PSR with or without MVD, the cure rate was 50.0%, and the improvement rate was 30.0%.
Conclusion
The clinical results of MVD were satisfactory. Although the outcomes of PSR were not as favorable as those of pure MVD in this study, PSR can be considered in cases where there is no significant vascular compressive lesion or uncertainty of the causative vessel at the surgery.

Citations

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Revisiting the Efficacy of Redo Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia
Zhongding Zhang, Hua Zhao, Yinda Tang, Baimiao Wang, Qing Yuan, Ying Zhang, Yihua Li, Jun Zhong, Shiting Li
World Neurosurgery.2024; 186: e335. CrossRef
A systematic review on the efficacy of adjunctive surgical strategies during microvascular decompression for trigeminal neuralgia without intraoperative evidence of neurovascular conflict
Nicola Montano, Grazia Menna, Alessandra Musarra, Renata Martinelli, Alessandro Izzo, Quintino Giorgio D’Alessandris, Manuela D’Ercole, Alessandro Olivi
Neurosurgical Review.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Progress in Surgical Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia
滨何
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2023; 13(02): 2313. CrossRef
How Far Has Radiofrequency Thermocoagulation Come Along as a Treatment Procedure in Treating Trigeminal Neuralgia Patients?
Stephen D Howard, Varun Soti
Cureus.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Historical aspects of the problem of treatment of trigeminal neuralgia and the role of neurosurgical methods in its solution (literature review)
A. N. Zhurkin, A. V. Semenov, V. A. Sorokovikov, N. V. Bartul
Acta Biomedica Scientifica.2021; 6(4): 123. CrossRef
Trigeminal Neuralgia: Current Approaches and Emerging Interventions
Risheng Xu, Michael E Xie, Christopher M Jackson
Journal of Pain Research.2021; Volume 14: 3437. CrossRef

A retrospective analysis of etiology and outcomes of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in children and adults: Abraham Kwak, Nani Jung, Ye Jee Shim, Heung Sik Kim, Hyun Ji Lim, Jae Min Lee, Mi Hwa Heo, Young Rok Do; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):208-218. Published online November 27, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00591

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Background
Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but severe, life-threatening inflammatory condition if untreated. We aimed to investigate the etiologies, outcomes, and risk factors for death in children and adults with HLH.
Methods
The medical records of patients who met the HLH criteria of two regional university hospitals in Korea between January 2001 and December 2019 were retrospectively investigated.
Results
Sixty patients with HLH (35 children and 25 adults) were included. The median age at diagnosis was 7.0 years (range, 0.1–83 years), and the median follow-up duration was 8.5 months (range, 0–204 months). Four patients had primary HLH, 48 patients had secondary HLH (20 infection-associated, 18 neoplasm-associated, and 10 autoimmune-associated HLH), and eight patients had HLH of unknown cause. Infection was the most common cause in children (14/35, 40.0%), whereas neoplasia was the most common cause in adults (13/25, 52.0%). Twenty-eight patients were treated with HLH-2004/94 immunochemotherapy. The 5-year overall survival (OS) rate for all HLH patients was 59.9%. The 5-year OS rates for patients with primary, infection-associated, neoplasm-associated, autoimmune-associated, and unknown cause HLH were 25.0%, 85.0%, 26.7%, 87.5%, and 62.5%, respectively. Using multivariate analysis, neoplasm-induced HLH (p=0.001) and a platelet count <50×109/L (p=0.008) were identified as independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with HLH.
Conclusion
Infection was the most common cause of HLH in children, while it was neoplasia in adults. The 5-year OS rate for all HLH patients was 59.9%. HLH caused by an underlying neoplasm or a low platelet count at the time of diagnosis were risk factors for poor prognosis.

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Prevalence and mortality of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in dengue fever: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Leong Tung Ong, Roovam Balasubramaniam
Transactions of The Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.2024; 118(11): 711. CrossRef
Predicting relapsed/refractory disease in childhood hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis based on clinical features at diagnosis: A 13-year single-institute retrospective study in Thailand
Pattranan Kusontammarat, Chane Choed-Amphai, Lalita Sathitsamitphong, Watchareewan Sontichai, Rungrote Natesirinilkul, Pimlak Charoenkwan
Annals of Hematology.2024; 103(10): 3963. CrossRef
Autoimmune encephalitis followed by hemophagocytic lymph histiocytosis: a case report
Li Huang, Jie Tan, Peihao Lin, Zixuan Chen, Qihua Huang, Haiyan Yao, Lihong Jiang, Baoyi Long, Youming Long
Frontiers in Immunology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Triggered by Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2: A Narrative Review
Andria Papazachariou, Petros Ioannou
Hematology Reports.2024; 16(3): 487. CrossRef
Spontaneous Resolution of Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis in a Child Infected with Epstein–Barr Virus
Rita Alfattal, Hussain Sadeq, Abdullah Ali
Journal of Applied Hematology.2023; 14(1): 57. CrossRef
Pediatric inborn errors of immunity causing hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis: Case report and review of the literature
María Soledad Caldirola, Andrea Gómez Raccio, Daniela Di Giovanni, María Isabel Gaillard, María Victoria Preciado
Journal of Leukocyte Biology.2022; 112(4): 607. CrossRef
Secondary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis and Autoimmune Cytopenias: Case Description and Review of the Literature
Bruno Fattizzo, Marta Ferraresi, Juri Giannotta, Wilma Barcellini
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2021; 10(4): 870. CrossRef
HLH-Like Syndrome and Rhabdomyolysis in an Adolescent Patient
Lauren T. Maloney, Bronwyn Baz, Dia Hazra
Pediatrics.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Clinical effectiveness of omental transposition in facilitating perineal wound healing after abdominoperineal resection: a systematic review: Sungjin Kim, Sung Il Kang, Sohyun Kim, Jae Hwang Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):219-224. Published online February 9, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00871

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Abstract PDF

Background
Omental transposition has been used to facilitate perineal wound healing in patients undergoing abdominoperineal resection (APR). However, there is no high-level evidence supporting the effectiveness of omental transposition in this regard. This study aimed to investigate the clinical efficacy of omental transposition in facilitating perineal wound healing after APR.
Methods
In this systematic review, we systematically searched the PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases for literature regarding the topic of our study. Studies published since the inception of each database were considered for review. The outcomes of interest were the perineal wound healing rate at 1 and 3 months postoperatively, perineal wound infection rate, and perineal wound healing period.
Results
Of the 1,923 studies identified, four articles representing 819 patients (omental transposition patients, n=295) were included in the final analysis. The wound healing rates at 1 and 3 months postoperatively in the omental transposition group (68.5% and 79.7%, respectively) did not significantly differ from those in the control group (57.4% and 78.7%, respectively) (p=0.759 and p=0.731, respectively). Perineal wound infection and chronic wound complication rates, including sinus, dehiscence, and fistula rates, also did not significantly differ between the omental transposition (8% and 7%, respectively) and control (11% and 7%, respectively) groups (p=0.221 and p=0.790, respectively).
Conclusion
Our results suggest that omental transposition does not affect perineal wound healing in patients who undergo APR.

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Perineal Wound Healing Following Abdominoperineal Resection of the Rectum
Muhammad Ali Khattak, Awais Nawaz Khan, Salman Jafferi, Yasir Iqbal, Habeeb Abdulrasheed, David McArthur
Cureus.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Significance of albumin to globulin ratio as a predictor of febrile urinary tract infection after ureteroscopic lithotripsy: Seung Yun Yi, Dong Jin Park, Kyungchan Min, Jae-Wook Chung, Yun-Sok Ha, Bum Soo Kim, Hyun Tae Kim, Tae-Hwan Kim, Eun Sang Yoo; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):225-230. Published online April 20, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.00955

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Abstract PDF

Background
We aimed to analyze the effectiveness of albumin to globulin ratio (AGR) in predicting postoperative febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) after ureteroscopic lithotripsy (URS) and retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).
Methods
From January 2013 to May 2018, 332 patients underwent URS and RIRS. The rate of postoperative fUTI and risk factors for postoperative fUTI were analyzed using logistic regression. Patients were divided into postoperative fUTI and non-postoperative fUTI (non-fUTI) groups. AGR with other demographic and perioperative data were compared between the two groups to predict the development of fUTI after URS.
Results
Of the 332 patients, postoperative fUTI occurred in 41 (12.3%). Preoperative pyuria, microscopic hematuria, diabetes mellitus, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglobulinemia were more prevalent in the fUTI group. Patients in the fUTI group had larger stone size, lower preoperative AGR, longer operation time, and longer preoperative antibiotic coverage period. In a multivariable logistic analysis, preoperative pyuria, AGR, and stone size were independently correlated with postoperative fUTI (p<0.001, p=0.008, and p=0.041, respectively). Receiver operating curve analysis showed that the cutoff value of AGR that could predict a high risk of fUTI after URS was 1.437 (sensitivity, 77.3%; specificity, 76.9%), while the cutoff value of stone size was 8.5 mm (sensitivity, 55.3%; specificity, 44.7%).
Conclusion
This study demonstrated that preoperative pyuria, AGR, and stone size can serve as prognostic factors for predicting fUTI after URS.

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Common hematological and biochemical parameters for predicting urinary tract infections in geriatric patients with hip fractures
Wanyun Tang, Wei Yao, Wei Wang, Qiaomei Lv, Wenbo Ding, RenJian He
Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Metabolomic Changes Associated with AGXT2 Genotype Variants and Stone Formation in a Colony of Cats
Jean A. Hall, Jeffrey A. Brockman, John J. Brejda, Dennis E. Jewell
Genes.2024; 15(10): 1264. CrossRef
An analysis of bacteriuria rates after endourological procedures
Nethravathy Billava Seenappa, Maneesh Sinha, Thyagaraj Krishna Prasad, Venkatesh Krishnamoorthy
International Journal of Urological Nursing.2023; 17(1): 45. CrossRef
Nutritional and Inflammatory Indices and the Risk of Surgical Site Infection After Fragility Hip Fractures: Can Routine Blood Test Point to Patients at Risk?
Tal Frenkel Rutenberg, Rana Gabarin, Vitali Kilimnik, Efrat Daglan, Moti Iflah, Shani Zach, Shai Shemesh
Surgical Infections.2023; 24(7): 645. CrossRef
Prognostic value of albumin-to-globulin ratio in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Juan R. Ulloque-Badaracco, Melany D. Mosquera-Rojas, Enrique A. Hernandez-Bustamante, Esteban A. Alarcón-Braga, Percy Herrera-Añazco, Vicente A. Benites-Zapata
Heliyon.2022; 8(5): e09457. CrossRef

Case reports

Metachronous extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma of nasal type and primary testicular lymphoma: Young-In Maeng, Sun-Jae Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):231-234. Published online September 11, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00675

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Abstract PDF

We report a rare case of metachronous lymphoma with two distinct cell lineages in a 75-year-old man. The patient complained about having nasal obstruction for 2 years and extranodal natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma of the nasal type was diagnosed from a biopsy. The immunohistochemical staining for CD56 and in situ hybridization for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)–encoded small RNA (EBER-ISH) were positive and the tumor cells were negative for CD20. After 13 months of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the patient presented with swelling of the left testis. Positron emission tomography scan detected an abnormal uptake in the testis. A diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, not otherwise specified, was diagnosed from subsequent radical orchiectomy. The immunohistochemical staining revealed to be positive for CD20, BCL2, BCL6, and MYC and negative for CD10 and EBER-ISH.

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Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma nasal type simulating osteoradionecrosis with metachronic B lymphoma in the pelvis: Case report
Frida S. Colín-Guadarrama, Violeta E. Flores-Solano, Argelia Berenice-Rodríguez, Víctor H. Toral-Rizo
Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology.2024; 67(1): 162. CrossRef
What Effect Does Epstein-Barr Virus Have on Extranodal Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma Prognosis? A Review of 153 Reported Cases
Erika Tvedten, Jordan Richardson, Kiran Motaparthi
Cureus.2021;[Epub] CrossRef

Successful laparoscopic surgery of accessory cavitated uterine mass in young women with severe dysmenorrhea: Joon Cheol Park, Dong Ja Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):235-239. Published online September 18, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00696

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Abstract PDF

Accessory cavitated uterine mass (ACUM) is a rare and unique condition seen in young women. We report cases of ACUMs in two patients, a 14-year-old girl and a 25-year-old woman, both with complaints of severe dysmenorrhea that had started at menarche and had progressively worsened since. A large cystic lesion was localized in the anterolateral wall of the myometrium separate from the endometrium, which was difficult to distinguish from congenital uterine anomalies. Laparoscopic excision of the ACUMs was successful and completely resolved the dysmenorrhea. Early investigation of severe dysmenorrhea in young women can provide appropriate management and relieve symptoms.

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What is known about adolescent dysmenorrhoea in (and for) community health settings?
Sharon Dixon, Jennifer Hirst, Neda Taghinejadi, Claire Duddy, Katy Vincent, Sue Ziebland
Frontiers in Reproductive Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Accessory and cavitated uterine masses: a case series and review of the literature
S. Dekkiche, E. Dubruc, M. Kanbar, A. Feki, M. Mueller, J-Y. Meuwly, P. Mathevet
Frontiers in Reproductive Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Accessory cavitated uterine malformation: Enhancing awareness about this unexplored perpetrator of dysmenorrhea
Rana Mondal, Priya Bhave
International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics.2023; 162(2): 409. CrossRef
Large uterine juvenile cystic adenomyoma in an adolescent
Zlatan Zvizdic, Irmina Sefic-Pasic, Nermina Ibisevic, Senad Murtezic, Semir Vranic
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports.2022; 81: 102258. CrossRef
Laparoscopic Approach to Accessory and Cavitatory Uterine Mass(ACUM): A Report of Four Patients in a Year
Kavitha Yogini Duraisamy, S. Saidarshini, Devi Balasubramaniam, Pradeepa, Divya Gnanasekaran
The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India.2022; 72(S2): 466. CrossRef

The diagnosis of an imperforate anus in female fetuses: Hyun Mi Kim, Hyun-Hwa Cha, Jong In Kim, Won Joon Seong, Sook-Hyun Park, Mi Ju Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):240-244. Published online October 7, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00507

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Abstract PDF

Imperforate anus is an anomaly caused by a defect in the development of the hindgut during early pregnancy. It is a relatively common congenital malformation and is more common in males. Although there are cases of a solitary imperforate anus, the condition is more commonly found as a part of a wider spectrum of other congenital anomalies. Although urgent reconstructive anorectal surgery is not necessary, immediate evaluation is important and urgent decompressive surgery may be required. Moreover, as there are often other anomalies that can affect management, prenatal diagnosis can help in optimizing perinatal care and prepare parents through prenatal counseling. In the past, imperforate anus was diagnosed by prenatal ultrasonography based on indirect signs such as bowel dilatation or intraluminal calcified meconium. Currently, it is diagnosed by directly checking the perineum with prenatal ultrasonography. Despite advances in ultrasound technology, accurate prenatal diagnosis is impossible in most cases and imperforate anus is detected after birth. Here, we present two cases of imperforate anus in female fetuses that were not diagnosed prenatally.

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New ultrasound features in diagnosing fetal anal atresia: a multicenter prospective cohort study
Haiyan Kuang, Hui Cao, Sheng Wang, Yingchun Luo, Yang Gao, Lingyu Yan, Junyi Yan, Yulin Peng
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Ultrasonography guided puncture and dilatation in membranous rectal atresia
Cunera M.C. de Beaufort, Joep P.M. Derikx, Simon G.F. Robben, Rick R. van Rijn, Ramon R. Gorter, L.W. Ernest van Heurn
Journal of Pediatric Surgery Case Reports.2023; 89: 102564. CrossRef
Radiology findings of Down syndrome: a literature review
Jacobus Jeno Wibisono, Carissa Faustina, Maria Georgina Wibisono, Jeanne Leman, Ratna Sutanto
Chinese Journal of Academic Radiology.2023; 6(4): 133. CrossRef
Аноректальні аномалії розвитку
Ольга Антонюк, Василь Пикалюк, Олександр Слободян, Альона Романюк, Людмила Шварц
Notes in Current Biology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Anorectoplasty and external sphincteroplasty via inverted V-shaped incision on the perineum for the treatment of imperforate anus with rectal fistula to navicular fossa: Report of 26 cases
Da Ma, Yi Wang, Ying-Song Liu
Asian Journal of Surgery.2022; 45(6): 1313. CrossRef
Challenges in prenatal diagnosis of foetal anorectal malformation and hydrocolpos – Case report
Muhammad Alamsyah Aziz, Fatima Zahra, Cut ZB Razianti, Nuniek Kharismawati, Tjut Sutjighassani, Nadia Larastri Almira, Kevin Dominique Tjandraprawira
Annals of Medicine & Surgery.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis with recurrent Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease: Sang Min Lee, Young Tae Lim, Kyung Mi Jang, Mi Jin Gu, Jong Ho Lee, Jae Min Lee; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):245-250. Published online November 11, 2020; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00654

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Abstract PDF

Kikuchi-Fujimoto disease (KFD), also known as histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis, is a self-limiting lymphadenitis. It is a benign disease mainly characterized by high fever, lymph node swelling, and leukopenia. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease with clinical symptoms similar to those of KFD, but it requires a significantly more aggressive treatment. A 19-year-old Korean male patient was hospitalized for fever and cervical lymphadenopathy. Variable-sized lymph node enlargements with slightly necrotic lesions were detected on computed tomography. Biopsy specimen from a cervical lymph node showed necrotizing lymphadenitis with HLH. Bone marrow aspiration showed hemophagocytic histiocytosis. The clinical symptoms and the results of the laboratory test and bone marrow aspiration met the diagnostic criteria for HLH. The patient was diagnosed with macrophage activation syndrome—HLH, a secondary HLH associated with KFD. He was treated with dexamethasone (10 mg/m2/day) without immunosuppressive therapy or etoposide-based chemotherapy. The fever disappeared within a day, and other symptoms such as lymphadenopathy, ascites, and pleural effusion improved. Dexamethasone was reduced from day 2 of hospitalization and was tapered over 8 weeks. The patient was discharged on day 6 with continuation of dexamethasone. The patient had no recurrence at the 18-month follow-up.

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Histiocytic necrotizing lymphadenitis with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in adults: A single‐center analysis of 5 cases
Qingqing Chen, Jing Zhang, Huijun Huang, Tonglu Qiu, Ze Jin, Yu Shi, Huayuan Zhu, Lei Fan, Jianyong Li, Wenyu Shi, Yi Miao
Immunity, Inflammation and Disease.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A young Saudi female with combined hemophagocytic lympho-histiocytosis and Kikuchi’s disease: A case report
Kamal Al-Zahrani, Batol Gasmelseed, Hesham Waaer Shadi, Rehab Y AL-Ansari
SAGE Open Medical Case Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cefalea y fiebre: no todo es lo que parece
María Pilar Iranzo-Alcolea, Carmen Ariño-Palao, Grisell Starita-Fajardo, Andrés González-García, Cecilia Suárez-Carantoña
Revista Española de Casos Clínicos en Medicina Interna.2023; 8(2): 105. CrossRef
Kikuchi–Fujimoto disease: literature review and report of four cases
V. G. Potapenko, V. V. Baykov, А. Yu. Markova, N. B. Mikhailova, A. S. Ter‑Grigoryan, Yu. А. Krivolapov
Oncohematology.2022; 17(4): 48. CrossRef

Successful treatment with vedolizumab in an adolescent with Crohn disease who had developed active pulmonary tuberculosis while receiving infliximab: Sujin Choi, Bong Seok Choi, Byung-Ho Choe, Ben Kang; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):251-257. Published online February 19, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2020.00878

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Abstract PDF

Vedolizumab (VDZ) has been approved for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) in patients aged ≥18 years. We report a case of a pediatric patient with Crohn disease (CD) who was successfully treated with VDZ. A 16-year-old female developed severe active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) during treatment with infliximab (IFX). IFX was stopped, and TB treatment was started. After a 6-month regimen of standard TB medication, her pulmonary TB was cured; however, gastrointestinal symptoms developed. Due to the concern of the patient and parents regarding TB reactivation on restarting treatment with IFX, VDZ was started off-label. After the second dose of VDZ, the patient was in clinical remission and her remission was continuously sustained. Ileocolonoscopy at 1-year after VDZ initiation revealed endoscopic healing. Therapeutic drug monitoring conducted during VDZ treatment showed negative antibodies to VDZ. No serious adverse events occurred during the VDZ treatment. This is the first case report in Korea demonstrating the safe and effective use of VDZ treatment in a pediatric CD patient. In cases that require recommencement of treatment with biologics after recovery of active pulmonary TB caused by anti-tumor necrosis factor agents, VDZ may be a good option even in pediatric IBD.

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The safety of vedolizumab in a patient with Crohn’s disease who developed anti-TNF-alpha agent associated latent tuberculosis infection reactivation: A case report
Yuya Sugiyama, Nobuhiro Ueno, Shion Tachibana, Yu Kobayashi, Yuki Murakami, Takahiro Sasaki, Aki Sakatani, Keitaro Takahashi, Katsuyoshi Ando, Shin Kashima, Kentaro Moriichi, Hiroki Tanabe, Toshikatsu Okumura, Mikihiro Fujiya
Medicine.2023; 102(28): e34331. CrossRef
Vedolizumab Is Safe and Efficacious for the Treatment of Pediatric-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Who Fail a Primary Biologic Agent
Sujin Choi, Eun Sil Kim, Yiyoung Kwon, Mi Jin Kim, Yon Ho Choe, Byung-Ho Choe, Ben Kang
Journal of Korean Medical Science.2022;[Epub] CrossRef

Sciatic nerve neurolymphomatosis as the initial presentation of primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: a rare cause of leg weakness: Kyoung Tae Kim, Se Il Kim, Young Rok Do, Hye Ra Jung, Jang Hyuk Cho; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2021;38(3):258-263. Published online April 15, 2021; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2021.00983

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Abstract PDF

Neurolymphomatosis (NL) is defined as the involvement of the peripheral nervous system in lymphocytic invasion. It is a very rare form of lymphoma that may occur as an initial presentation or recurrence. It affects various peripheral nervous structures and can therefore mimic disc-related nerve root pathology or compressive mononeuropathy. NL often occurs in malignant B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Notwithstanding its aggressiveness or intractability, NL should be discriminated from other neurologic complications of lymphoma. Herein, we present a case of primary NL as the initial presentation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the sciatic nerve. The patient presented with weakness and pain in his left leg but had no obvious lesion explaining the neurologic deficit on initial lumbosacral and knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). NL of the left sciatic nerve at the greater sciatic foramen was diagnosed based on subsequent hip MRI, electrodiagnostic test, positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and nerve biopsy findings. Leg weakness slightly improved after chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We report a case wherein NL, a rare cause of leg weakness, manifested as the initial presentation of primary DLBCL involving the sciatic nerve at the greater sciatic foramen.

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Primary peripheral nerve lymphoma: a case report and literature review
Di Wu, Hui Liu, Lingyu Hao, Xu Han, Sihan Wang, Yijia Xiang, Shizhu Yu, Yi Wang
Neurological Sciences.2024; 45(4): 1447. CrossRef
A case report of surgical management of a solitary Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma (NHL) arising from the proximal sciatic nerve
Sivakumaran Gobinath, Ganeshamoorthy Sritharan, Subramaniam Bakeerathan, Paramanathan Shathana, Umesh Jayarajah
International Journal of Surgery Case Reports.2023; 111: 108817. CrossRef

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